<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2683-2690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[The Anáhuac journal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[The Anáhuac j.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2683-2690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Anáhuac del Sur S.C., Facultad de Economía y Negocios]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2683-26902020000200112</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36105/theanahuacjour.2020v20n2.04</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La persistencia de los monopolios: la exhibición de cine y la televisión bajo el PRI, 1938-1993]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Persistence of Monopolies: Film Exhibition and Television under the PRI, 1938-1993]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paxman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrew]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>112</fpage>
<lpage>136</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2683-26902020000200112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2683-26902020000200112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2683-26902020000200112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Desde la Revolución, el Estado mexicano buscó fortalecer el principio antimonopólico establecido en la Constitución. Sin embargo, casi siempre hacía caso omiso de las nuevas reglas, prefiriendo dejar que los monopolios florecieran. Este artículo ofrece una explicación holística, pues argumenta que los monopolios persistían debido a cuatro razones básicas, dos económicas y dos políticas. Primero y más importante, la clase dirigente buscaba acuerdos con la élite empresarial, basados en una percibida necesidad mutua. Segundo, esta práctica iba acompañada, sobre todo a partir de los años cuarenta, por intercambios de favores entre políticos e industriales. Tercero, la naturaleza corporativista del partido gobernante favorecía relaciones con un número limitado de interlocutores. Cuarto, el estilo personalista del presidencialismo mexicano favorecía relaciones directas con magnates. Para ilustrar cómo operaban estos factores, se presentan dos estudios de caso: (i) el monopolio de exhibición de cine de William Jenkins en los años cuarenta y cincuenta; (ii) el monopolio televisivo de la familia Azcárraga entre 1955 y 1993.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract As of the Revolution, the Mexican state sought to bolster the anti-monopoly principle of the Constitution. However, it almost always ignored its new rules, preferring to let monopolies flourish. This article offers a holistic explanation, by arguing that monopolies persisted for four chief reasons, two economic and two political. First and most importantly, the political establishment sought accords with the business elite, based on a perceived mutual necessity. Second, this practice was accompanied, especially as of the 1940s, by exchanges of favor between politicians and businessmen. Third, the corporatist nature of the ruling party favored dealings with a limited number of interlocutors. Fourth, the personalistic style of Mexican presidentialism favored direct dealings with magnates. To illustrate how these factors operated, two case studies are presented: (i) the film exhibition monopoly of William Jenkins in the 1940s and 1950s; (ii) the television monopoly of the Azcárraga family between 1955 and 1993.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[monopolios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gobierno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capitalismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[élites]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[L12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[L41]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[N46]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[N76]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[monopolies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[state]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[government]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[capitalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[elites]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[L12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[L41]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[N46]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[N76]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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