<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2663-3981</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista cartográfica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. cartogr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2663-3981</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2663-39812023000200073</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35424/rcarto.i1070.3843</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la amenaza potencial y grado de exposición en caso de una explosión por expansión súbita del vapor de líquido hirviendo, en la terminal de almacenamiento en tierra de GLP en Monteverde, Costa del Ecuador]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Potential Threat Assessment and Degree of Exposure in the event of an Explosion by Sudden Expansion of Boiling Liquid Vapor in the LPG Ground Storage Terminal in Monteverde, coastal Ecuador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga Morán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kervin Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Theofilos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Técnica de Manabí  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la Fuerzas Armadas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>107</numero>
<fpage>73</fpage>
<lpage>94</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2663-39812023000200073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2663-39812023000200073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2663-39812023000200073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The industrial complexes that handle dangerous products with flammable characteristics have been the cause of great misfortunes when sudden explosions are generated, either due to mechanical failures or human negligence. The Monteverde Gas Complex (MGC), located in the province of Santa Elena in Ecuador, represents a potential risk by housing close to 105,000 m3 of precursor gases such as Propane (PPN), Butane (BTN), and LPG finished product. Therefore, an analysis of the potential threat to which the population is exposed in case of the explosion of one of the tanks with the different products they contain has been carried out, considering the closest communes to the MGC, which are Monteverde and Jambelí. Tools such as the Probit method proposed by TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research), and the ALOHA software of the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency, USA) were used, whose combinations allowed estimating the radius of influence, which were divided into zones according to the degree of impact on the community. The results demonstrated that the community of Monteverde, despite being more than 1 km away from the CGM, is within the red zone or high influence radius that corresponds to 2000 meters for propane and butane tanks. Whitin this area, a person could have fatal third-degree burns. The calculations have been performed under ideal conditions, so it is recommended to review the attenuations generated by natural elevations of the terrain or the direction of the wind in further studies.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los complejos industriales que manejan productos peligrosos con características inflamables, han sido causa de grandes desgracias al generar explosiones repentinas, ya sea por fallas mecánicas o por negligencia humana. El Complejo Gasífero de Monteverde (CGM), ubicado en la provincia de Santa Elena en Ecuador, representa un riesgo potencial al albergar cerca de 105.000 m3 de gases precursores como Propano (PPN), Butano (BTN) y GLP como producto terminado.Por este motivo, se ha realizado un análisis de la amenaza potencial a la que la población se encuentra expuesta en caso de la explosión de uno de los tanques con los diferentes productos que contienen, para esto se consideró a las comunas mas cercanas al CGM que son Monteverde y Jambelí. Se utilizaron herramientas como el método Probit propuesto por TNO (The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research), y el software ALOHA de la EPA (Environmental Protection Agency, USA), cuyas combinaciones permitieron estimar el radio de influencia, los cuales se dividieron en zonas según al grado de impacto en la comunidad. Los resultados demostraron que la comunidad de Monteverde, pese a encontrarse a más de 1 km del CGM, se encuentra dentro de la zona roja o de alta influencia que corresponde a 2000 metros, para los tanques de propano y butano. En ésta área, una persona podría tener quemaduras fatales de tercer grado. Los cálculos se han realizado en condiciones ideales, por lo que se recomienda revisar las atenuaciones generadas por elevaciones naturales del terreno o la dirección del viento en estudios posteriores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[BLEVE]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Monteverde Gas Complex]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vulnerability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Santa Elena]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[BLEVE]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Complejo de Gas Monteverde]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vulnerabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Santa Elena]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE): Mechanism, consequence assessment, management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Hazardous Materials]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>489-519</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anjana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amarnath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chithra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Population Vulnerability Assessment around a LPG Storage and Distribution Facility near Cochin using ALOHA And GIS]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arturson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The tragedy of San Juanico - the most severe LPG disaster in history]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Burns]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>87-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aviles-Campoverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vivas-Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Toala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seismically induced soil liquefaction and geological conditions in the city of Jama due to the Mw7.8 Pedernales earthquake in 2016, NW Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geosciences]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belloví]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[NTP 293: Explosiones BLEVE (I): Evaluación de la radiación térmica]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunningham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Blast overpressures from medium scale BLEVE tests]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of loss prevention in the process industries]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>194-206</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birkmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk and vulnerability indicators at different scales: Applicability, usefulness and policy implications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental hazards]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dinámicas de las explosiones industriales]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rosario ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Red proteger]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of fuel composition on gas turbine engine performance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The need for rethinking the concepts of vulnerability and risk from a holistic perspective: a necessary review and criticism for effective risk management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mapping vulnerability]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>37-51</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnaldos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Planas-Cuchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vilchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Modelling and understanding BLEVEs. Handbook of Hazardous Spills]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[McGraw Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CERESIS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Catálogo de terremotos para América del Sur. Datos de hipocentros e intensidades]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ecuador ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chakrabarty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Catastrophic failure of ammonia transport container-A bleve and the toxic effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal Of Resilience In Fire Safety &amp; Disasters]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>22-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khakzad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reniers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dynamic vulnerability assessment of process plants with respect to vapor cloud explosions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reliability Engineering &amp; System Safety]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>200</numero>
<issue>200</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[First evidence of paleo-tsunami deposits of a major historic event in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science of tsunami hazards]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>33</numero>
<issue>33</issue>
<page-range>55-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mulas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characterization of seismogenetic crustal faults in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Andean Geology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>66-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa-Cornejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mulas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menéndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characterization of seismogenic crustal faults in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Andean Geology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>66-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera-Grunauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutierrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cahuana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of earthquakes and tsunami records and characterization of capable faults on the northwestern coast of Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science of tsunami hazards]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>36</numero>
<issue>36</issue>
<page-range>100-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cutter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fleeing from harm: International trends in evacuations from chemical accidents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hazards Vulnerability and Environmental Justice]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>51-66</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cutter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fleeing from harm: International trends in evacuations from chemical accidents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Mass Emergencies &amp; Disasters]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>267-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Souza Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Emergency planning for hazardous industrial areas: a Brazilian case study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Risk Analysis]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>483-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dumont]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vilema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedoja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordonez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Morphological and microtectonic analysis of quaternary deformation from puná and santa clara islands, gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador (South America)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tectonophysics]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>399</volume>
<numero>1-4</numero>
<issue>1-4</issue>
<page-range>331-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eckhoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Boiling liquid expanding vapour explosions (BLEVEs): A brief review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>32</numero>
<issue>32</issue>
<page-range>30-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eisenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Breeding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Vulnerability Model: A Simulation System for Assessing Damage Resulting from Marine Spills. (VMI)]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[U.S. Coast Guard Office of Research and Development]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risks of LNG and LPG]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annual review of energy]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>89-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[CCPS guidelines for chemical process quantitative risk analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant/Operations Progress]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>231-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grossel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guidelines for evaluating the characteristics of vapour cloud explosions, flash fires and BLEVEs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>247</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hemmatian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Planas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fire as a primary event of accident domino sequences: the case of BLEVE]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reliability Engineering &amp; System Safety]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>139</numero>
<issue>139</issue>
<page-range>141-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Energizing historical materialism: Fossil fuels, space and the capitalist mode of production]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geoforum]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>105-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>INAMHI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Meteorological Bulletin month: February]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jetel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coordination of public infrastructure solution for preventing of accidents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MATEC Web of Conferences]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<page-range>3009</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[EDP Sciences]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keddy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Methodology for Assessing a Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) Blast Potential]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Composite Conference 2012 (No. JSC-CN-26873)]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keltner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grayson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions (BLEVE): possible failure mechanisms. Very Large-Scale Fires]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>1336</numero>
<issue>1336</issue>
<page-range>121-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaughen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Process Safety: Key Concepts and Practical Approaches]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CRC Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A study on BLEVE and its domino effect]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fire Engineer]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>13-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Litvinenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of hydrocarbons in the global energy agenda: The focus on liquefied natural gas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Resources]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Ovalle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aprendizajes del Accidente de San Juan Ixhuatepec-México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Información tecnológica]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>121-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makhviladze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yakush]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Numerical modelling of fireballs from vertical releases of fuel gases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Combustion science and technology]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>1-6</numero>
<issue>1-6</issue>
<page-range>199-223</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fantin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Muriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Stratigraphic characterization of the Ancón group from the seismic data]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ecuador ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Santa Elena Peninsula]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malviya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rushaid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Consequence Analysis of LPG Storage Tank]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Materials Today: Proceedings]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>4359-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mannan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldeeb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saraf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gentile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The legacy of Bhopal: the impact over the last 20 years and future direction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>4-6</numero>
<issue>4-6</issue>
<page-range>218-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bunsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McMahan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Natural Gas Liquid Storage Systems-NFPA 58 and Industrywide Best Practices]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[2022 NFPA Conference &amp; Expo. NFPA]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pestana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. F. M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schleder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quantitative risk analysis of loading and offloading liquefied natural gas (LNG) on a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>43</numero>
<issue>43</issue>
<page-range>629-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Massonne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Widespread relics of high-pressure metamorphism confirm major terrane accretion in Ecuador: a new example from the Northern Andes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Geology Review]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>67-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An unsupervised K-means based clustering method for geophysical post-earthquake diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[2017 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characterization of Blast Wave Parameters in the Detonation Locus and Near Field for Shaped Charges]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mathematics]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>3261</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mindiola Robayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Recalde Mosquera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis de metodologías para la evaluación ambiental de la construcción del terminal marítimo en el sector de Monteverde, Provincia de Santa Elena]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santa Elena, Ecuador ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>NFPA 30</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Código de líquidos inflamables y combustibles]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<edition>Edición 2003</edition>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicoletti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arcuri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicoletti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A technical and environmental comparison between hydrogen and some fossil fuels]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Energy Conversion and Management]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>89</numero>
<issue>89</issue>
<page-range>205-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pastor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessing susceptibility to soil liquefaction, using the standard penetration test (SPT) - A case study from the city of Portoviejo, coastal Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Land]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pastor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Soil liquefaction and other seismic-associated phenomena in the city of Chone during the 2016 earthquake of coastal Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Science]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pietersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Consequences of accidental releases of hazardous material]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>136-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pietersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of the LPG-disaster in Mexico City]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Hazardous Materials]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>85-107</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quantitative Evaluation of &#8220;Bleve&#8221; Hazards]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Fire Protection Engineering]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasbash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review of explosion and fire hazard of liquefied petroleum gas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fire safety journal]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>223-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rausand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Risk assessment: theory, methods, and applications]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>Vol. 115</volume>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz D´Howitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Recalde Moya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The economic evaluation and significance of an early relocation versus complete destruction by a potential tsunami of a coastal city in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science of tsunami hazards]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>18-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarvestani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kazem]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omran]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jalali Alenjareghi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Morteza]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[LPG Storage Tank Accidents: Initiating Events, Causes, Scenarios, and Consequences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmidt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wehrstedt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[CFD based reproduction of Amuay refinery accident 2012]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chem. Eng.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>48</numero>
<issue>48</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segura-Alcívar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez-Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Potential risk analysis of fuel storages in central Quito, Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the International Conference on Natural Hazards and Infrastructure]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simanjuntak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nugroho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Setiawan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Kombinasi Software Pyrosim Fire Modelling dan Dow&#8217;s Fire and Explosion Index (DF&amp;EI) untuk Analisa Resiko Kebakaran dan Ledakan pada Lpg Storage Tank (Studi Kasus: PT. Pertamina Refinery Unit V Balikpapan)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seminar K3]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>304-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of subduction erosion in the generation of Andean and other convergent plate boundary arc magmas, the continental crust and mantle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gondwana Research]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>88</numero>
<issue>88</issue>
<page-range>220-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tauseef]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risks of fire and explosion associated with the increasing use of liquefied petroleum gas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>322-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Accidental release of hazardous gases: modelling and assessing risk]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Portugal ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade de Aveiro]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>TNO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Methods for the calculation of the physical effects of the escape of dangerous material (Liquids and gases)]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[TNO ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Yellow Book]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Evaluation of unexpected results of a seismic hazard applied to a modern hydroelectric center in central Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Structural Engineering]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>373-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rentería]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikolaou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz D´Howitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Besenzon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera-Grunauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The 7.8 Mw Earthquake and Tsunami of the 16th April 2016]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulkeridis-Estrella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cisneros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrión]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Salinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuertes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A potential early warning system for earthquakes based on two independent real-time precursors - the case of Ecuador´s 7.8 Mw in 2016]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the International Conference on Natural Hazards and Infrastructure 2019, 2nd International Conference on Natural Hazards and Infrastructure, ICONHIC 2019; Chania; Greece; 23 June 2019 through 26 June 2019; Code 257429]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van den Berg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Swaaij]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Methods for the calculation of physical effects]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cause analysis and damage mechanism of explosive destruction with case investigation involving LPG tank trailer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Engineering Failure Analysis]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<numero>133</numero>
<issue>133</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
