<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2021000100039</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20430/ete.v88i349.984</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evolución y análisis de la discriminación salarial por género en Chile]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evolution and analysis of salary discrimination by gender in Chile]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salce Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Atacama  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Copiapó ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>349</numero>
<fpage>39</fpage>
<lpage>75</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2021000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2021000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2021000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La discriminación en el mercado laboral es un tema importante en la mayoría de los países del mundo. En tal contexto, este trabajo usa datos representativos a nivel nacional de la Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional en el periodo de 1990 a 2017, con el fin de explorar la brecha y la discriminación salarial por género en Chile. Se aplican distintas versiones de la conocida descomposición de Blinder y Oaxaca para medir la brecha salarial y descomponer sus posibles causas y las variables involucradas. Finalmente, se corrigen las estimaciones de salarios por sesgo de selección y se estudia la descomposición por cuantiles de ingreso. Los resultados de las distintas metodologías muestran una disminución en la discriminación salarial cuando observamos el periodo completo (1990-2017), la cual ocurrió principalmente entre 1990 y 2003, y tras ella la discriminación se ha mantenido relativamente constante hasta 2017. La discriminación salarial llegó a ser de 49.7% en 2017, cuando 45.2% correspondió al subpago de las mujeres y 4.5% al sobre­pago a los hombres, estructura que se mantiene en todo el periodo estudiado. Por otro lado, se muestra que calcular la discriminación salarial sin corregir por sesgo de selección subestima dicha discriminación que sufren las mujeres en Chile. Finalmente, se observa que gran parte de ésta se da principalmente en los extremos de menores y mayores ingresos de la distribución. Este trabajo también agrega evidencia al hecho de que las mujeres activas en el mercado laboral tienen más años de educación respecto de los hombres, pero, por motivos que la teoría clásica no puede explicar, obtienen un salario menor.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Discrimination in the labor market is an important issue in most countries of the world. In such a context, this paper uses nationally representative data from the 1990-2017 National Socio-Economic Characterization Survey to explore the gender wage gap and discrimination in Chile. Different versions of the well-known decomposition of Blinder and Oaxaca are applied to measure the wage gap and to decompose its possible causes and the variables involved. Finally, wage estimates are corrected for selection bias, and decomposition by income quantum is studied. The results of the different methodologies show a decrease in wage discrimination when we look at the full 1990-2017 period, but the decrease was mainly in the 1990-2003 period, and then has remained relatively constant until 2017. Wage discrimination reached 49.7% in 2017, where 45.2% corresponded to women&#8217;s sub-payments and 4.5% to men&#8217;s overpayments, a structure that is maintained throughout the period studied. On the other hand, it shows that estimating uncorrected wage discrimination due to selection bias underestimates the wage discrimination suffered by women in Chile. Finally, it proves that a large part of wage discrimination occurs mainly in the extremes of lower and higher income distribution. This work also adds evidence to the fact that women who are active in the labor market have more years of education than men, but for reasons that classical theory cannot explain, they obtain a lower wage.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gender discrimination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wage differentials]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[labor market discrimination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gap decomposition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J16]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J31]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J70]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J71]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[discriminación por género]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diferencias de salario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[discriminación en el mercado de trabajo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[descomposición de brecha]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J16]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J31]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J70]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J71]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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