<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-3364</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Therya]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Therya]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-3364</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-33642020000300440</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12933/therya-20-1072</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Reproductive adaptations to high densities in social mammals]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lidicker Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Berkeley ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>440</fpage>
<lpage>446</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-33642020000300440&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-33642020000300440&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-33642020000300440&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: An overview of population density control in social mammals sets the framework for examining reproductive responses to increasing population densities. We begin by honoring John B. Calhoun who played a major role, starting about 70 years ago, in correcting the conventional wisdom of the time that population control was all about adjusting mortality rates. Reproduction was considered a constant, and emigration was viewed as a component of mortality. His research was mostly on domestic and feral populations of Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus for which he built complex arenas that could house thousands of inhabitants. In addition, he constructed elaborate living quarters in the alleyways of Baltimore. For the captive populations, he would individually mark all the inhabitants so that he could identify them and observe their behavior. Eight examples of his research publications are described. He was able to document a list of reproduction related behaviors that are the main focus of this essay, and clearly demolish the simplistic notion that reproduction is a constant. A summary of some of the major issues that encompasses the science of population growth and regulation is provided. There follows a series of 19 examples of non-Calhoun publications that cover many more species of social mammals, including humans. A comprehensive list of the many negative adaptations involving reproductive processes are documented for the 27 publications reviewed confirming that in many species reproductive constraints are non-trivial. There follows a brief discussion that attempts to create a cohesive whole for this intellectual adventure.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: En este artículo, se presenta una reseña histórica sobre estudios de control de densidades poblacionales en mamíferos sociales, lo que establece un marco de referencia para examinar las respuestas reproductivas al incremento en densidades poblacionales. Comenzamos honrando a John B. Calhoun, quien, comenzando unos 70 años atrás, y jugó un papel importante pues corrigió las creencias convencionales de la época de que el control de la población se basaba solamente en el ajuste de las tasas de mortandad. La reproducción se consideraba una constante, y la emigración se consideraba un componente de la mortalidad. Sus investigaciones se centraron principalmente en poblaciones domésticas y silvestres de Rattus norvegicus y Mus musculus, para las que construyó arenas complejas que podían albergar hasta miles de individuos; además, construyó elaboradas viviendas en los callejones de Baltimore. Para las poblaciones cautivas, marcaba individualmente a todos los habitantes para poder identificarlos y observar su comportamiento. Se describen ocho ejemplos de sus publicaciones de investigación. Calhoun pudo documentar una lista de comportamientos relacionados con la reproducción que son el foco principal de este ensayo y claramente desmantelan la simplista noción de que la reproducción es una constante. Se proporciona un resumen de algunos de los principales temas que abarca la ciencia del crecimiento y la regulación de la población. A continuación, se presenta una selección de 19 otras publicaciones que cubren muchas más especies de mamíferos sociales, incluyendo los humanos. En las 27 publicaciones examinadas se documenta una lista completa de las numerosas adaptaciones negativas que entrañan los procesos de reproducción, lo que confirma que, en muchas especies, las limitaciones en materia de reproducción no son triviales. Por último, se presenta una breve discusión que intenta crear un todo cohesivo para esta aventura intelectual.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cannibalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[density controls]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dispersal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ecology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[homosexuality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J. B. Calhoun]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reproduction constraints]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social behavior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social groups]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stress]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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