<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-0705</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nova scientia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nova scientia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-0705</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de La Salle Bajío A. C., Coordinación de Investigación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-07052018000200154</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21640/ns.v10i21.1509</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hemicellulose Removal in Curaua (Ananas erectifolius) Fibers for Polyester Composites]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Remoción de hemicelulosa en fibras de Curaua (Ananas erectifolius) para compósitos de poliéster]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrígues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosineide M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandro C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Brasília Faculdade do Gama ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Faculdades Integradas da União Educacional do Planalto Central  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratório de Polímeros ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<fpage>154</fpage>
<lpage>172</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-07052018000200154&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-07052018000200154&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-07052018000200154&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction Alkaline treatments extract hemicellulose from the fibers, which can be reused in the manufacture of other materials, and the cellulosic portion can be applied as reinforcement in a composite. This way, all components of the fibers are utilized.  Method In this work, curaua fibers (Ananas erectifolius) were treated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to solubilize part of the hemicellulose and lignin, and the cellulose-rich fibers were used to manufacture composites with unsaturated polyester, which were characterized to investigate the effect of the treatment on their properties.  Result The alkaline treatment removed large portions of hemicellulose and significantly degraded the crystalline cellulose and lignin, resulting in a small increase (2.4%) in overall crystallinity and with a negative impact on their thermal stability. SEM images showed defibrillation of the treated fiber and fibril separation, increasing roughness and surface contact area.  Conclusions In all, although the alkaline treatment substantially modified the fibers and no significant changes were observed in the mechanical properties of the composite, the total removal of hemicellulose was found to affect the integrity of cellulose fibers making harder their application as reinforcement. However, the higher cellulose content could be useful for other applications.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción Los tratamientos alcalinos extraen hemicelulosa de las fibras, las cuales pueden ser reusada en la manufactura de otros materiales, de la cual la fracción celulósica puede ser aplicada como un refuerzo en un compósito. De esta manera, todos los componentes de las fibras son utilizados.  Método En este trabajo, las fibras de curaua (Ananas erectifolius) se trataron con hidróxido de potasio (KOH) para solubilizar la parte de la hemicelulosa y lignina, en donde las fibras ricas en celulosa se emplearon para fabricar compósitos con poliésteres insaturados, los cuales se caracterizaron para investigar el efecto del tratamiento en sus propiedades.  Resultados El tratamiento alcalino remueve grandes porciones de hemicelulosa y degradaron de manera significativa la celulosa cristalina y la lignina, resultando en un ligero incremento en la cristalinidad total (2.4%) y con un impacto negativo en su estabilidad térmica. Las imágenes de SEM mostraron la desfibrilación de las fibras tratadas y la separación fibril, aumentando la rugosidad y el área de superficie de contacto.  Conclusiones Resumiendo, aunque el tratamiento alcalino modifica sustancialmente las fibras, ningún cambio significativo se observa en las propiedades mecánicas del compósito, además, se encontró que la remoción total de la hemicelulosa afectaba la integridad de las fibras de celulosa, dificultando su aplicación como un refuerzo. Sin embargo, el mayor contenido de celulosa podría ser útil para otras aplicaciones.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[compósitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[poliéster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fibra natural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[curaua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tratamiento alcalino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[composites]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[polyester]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[natural fibers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[curaua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[alkaline treatment]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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