<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3550</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3550</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35502020000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2020.2.401</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Seguridad energética en México, Estados Unidos y Canadá, 1980-2016: centralidad del petróleo y la incorporación de temas ambientales]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Energy Security in Mexico, the United States, and Canada from 1980 to 2016: The Central Role of Oil and the Incorporation of Environmental Issues]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puyana Mutis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Anáhuac  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>37</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35502020000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35502020000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35502020000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El embargo petrolero de la Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo (OPEP) de octubre 1973 originó la concepción de seguridad energética (SE), enfocada en garantizar la oferta económica de combustibles. Paulatinamente incluyó temas ambientales, de gobernanza y equidad e incrementó la complejidad del concepto, las políticas y los métodos de medición. Con un enfoque de economía política, este artículo escruta esta trayectoria, selecciona las variables para construir tres índices de SE relacionados e independientes: seguridad petrolera (ÍSP), diversidad energética (ÍDE) y transición energética (ÍTE) y los aplica para el periodo 1980-2016 a Canadá, Estados Unidos y México, países con históricos vínculos sociales y económicos, incluida la energía. Los resultados señalan la centralidad del petróleo en la SE y las bondades de construir índices independientes para cada país y contexto considerados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The October 1973 OPEC oil embargo gave rise to the idea of energy security, focused on guaranteeing economic fuel supply. It gradually incorporated environmental, governance, and equity issues, thus increasing the complexity of the concept, policies, and measurement methods. This essay uses a political economy approach to scrutinize these developments and select the variables needed to construct three energy security indices that are both related to each other and independent: oil security, energy diversity, and energy transition. It applies all three for the years from 1980 to 2016 to Canada, the United States, and Mexico, countries with historic social and economic ties that include energy. The results point out the centrality of oil in energy security and the benefits of constructing independent indices for each country and context examined.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguridad energética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mercado petrolero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[OPEP]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[International Energy Agency (IEA)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[energy security]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[oil market]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[OPEC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[IEA]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
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