<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2738</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ingeniería química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Ing. Quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2738</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-27382009000100008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio numérico del efecto de la temperatura ambiental en la convección natural bidimensional en el almacenamiento de granos en silos cilíndricos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Numerical study of the effect of the environmental temperature in the natural two-dimensional convection of heat in grain stored at cylindrical silos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrera-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete-Bolaños]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botello-Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rico-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Islas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya Departamento de Ingeniería Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Celaya Gto]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Celaya Gto]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>77</fpage>
<lpage>91</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-27382009000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-27382009000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-27382009000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se realizó un estudio numérico de la dinámica del almacenamiento de granos en silos, partiendo de las ecuaciones de transporte de momentum y de energía para medios multifásicos. En este trabajo se analizó el efecto del calor de respiración, así como el efecto de tres tipos de condiciones de frontera, dos de ellas constantes (Caso I, &#952; =1 y Caso II, &#952; =0) y una dependiente del tiempo (Caso III, simulando el cambio de temperatura durante el ciclo diurno-nocturno), sobre los patrones de flujo, las isotermas y la transferencia de calor hacia el medio ambiente. Las ecuaciones gobernantes se resolvieron mediante discretización espacial por diferencias finitas de segundo orden e integración implícita para el tiempo. El sistema algebraico obtenido se resuelve mediante Relajación no Lineal. En la simulación, se utilizaron las propiedades para sorgo almacenado en un silo de 44 m³ de capacidad. La estabilidad en los Casos I y II, se alcanzó en un tiempo adimensional (Fo) de 0.3 (que equivale a un tiempo real de 3.01 hrs), mientras que en el Caso III fue de Fo = 20 (equivalente a 200.88 hrs) debido a la periodicidad de la condición de frontera. Para los casos II y III, las condiciones de frontera inducen la formación de flujo multicelular.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[A numerical study on the dynamics of grain storage in cylindrical silos was performed based on transport equations of momentum and energy for multiphase media. The purpose of this study is to analyze simultaneously the effect of the heat of respiration and three types of boundary conditions; two of them constants (Case I, &#952; =1 and Case II, &#952; =0) and a time-dependent (Case III, simulating the change of temperature along the day-night cycle) on the flow patterns, the isotherms and heat transfer to the environment. The governing equations were solved via spatial discretization using second order finite differences and time discretization using an implicit scheme. The set of algebraic equations generated was solved using Nonlinear Relaxation. In this simulation, the thermodynamic properties of sorghum grain stored in a silo of 44 m³ grain capacity were used. Stability for Case I and II, were reached in a dimensionless time (Fo) equals 0.3 (that is equivalent a real time of 3.01 h), while for Case III was for Fo = 20 (equivalent to 200.88 h) because the periodicity of the boundary condition. For cases II and III, the boundary conditions induce the formation of multicellular flow.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[almacenamiento de granos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[medio poroso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relajación no lineal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[grain storage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[porous media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nonlinear relaxation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Fen&oacute;menos de transporte</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Estudio num&eacute;rico del efecto de la temperatura ambiental en la convecci&oacute;n natural bidimensional en el almacenamiento de granos en silos cil&iacute;ndricos</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Numerical study of the effect of the environmental temperature in the natural two&#150;dimensional convection of heat in grain stored at cylindrical silos</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>M. Carrera&#150;Rodr&iacute;guez<sup>1</sup>, G. M. Mart&iacute;nez&#150;Gonz&aacute;lez<sup>1</sup>, J.L. Navarrete&#150;Bola&ntilde;os<sup>2</sup>, J.E. Botello&#150;&Aacute;lvarez<sup>2</sup>, R. Rico&#150;Mart&iacute;nez<sup>1</sup> y H. Jim&eacute;nez&#150;Islas<sup>2</sup>*</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a Qu&iacute;mica , Instituto Tecnol&oacute;gico de Celaya Ave. Tecnol&oacute;gico y Antonio Garc&iacute;a Cubas s/n, C.P. 38010, Celaya, Gto.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2</sup> Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a Bioqu&iacute;mica, Instituto Tecnol&oacute;gico de Celaya Ave. Tecnol&oacute;gico y Antonio Garc&iacute;a Cubas s/n, C.P. 38010, Celaya, Gto.</i> * <i>Autor para la correspondencia. E&#150;mail: </i><a href="mailto:hugo@itc.mx">hugo@itc.mx</a> <i>Tel. (461) 611 75 75 Fax (461) 611 79 79</i></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido 19 de Noviembre 2008    <br>   Aceptado 18 de Febrero 2009</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se realiz&oacute; un estudio num&eacute;rico de la din&aacute;mica del almacenamiento de granos en silos, partiendo de las ecuaciones de transporte de momentum y de energ&iacute;a para medios multif&aacute;sicos. En este trabajo se analiz&oacute; el efecto del calor de respiraci&oacute;n, as&iacute; como el efecto de tres tipos de condiciones de frontera, dos de ellas constantes (Caso I, <i>&#952; </i>=1 y Caso II,<i> &#952;</i> =0) y una dependiente del tiempo (Caso III, simulando el cambio de temperatura durante el ciclo diurno&#150;nocturno), sobre los patrones de flujo, las isotermas y la transferencia de calor hacia el medio ambiente. Las ecuaciones gobernantes se resolvieron mediante discretizaci&oacute;n espacial por diferencias finitas de segundo orden e integraci&oacute;n impl&iacute;cita para el tiempo. El sistema algebraico obtenido se resuelve mediante Relajaci&oacute;n no Lineal. En la simulaci&oacute;n, se utilizaron las propiedades para sorgo almacenado en un silo de 44 m<sup>3</sup> de capacidad. La estabilidad en los Casos I y II, se alcanz&oacute; en un tiempo adimensional <i>(Fo) </i>de 0.3 (que equivale a un tiempo real de 3.01 hrs), mientras que en el Caso III fue de <i>Fo </i>= 20 (equivalente a 200.88 hrs) debido a la periodicidad de la condici&oacute;n de frontera. Para los casos II y III, las condiciones de frontera inducen la formaci&oacute;n de flujo multicelular.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave: </b>almacenamiento de granos, medio poroso, relajaci&oacute;n no lineal.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">A numerical study on the dynamics of grain storage in cylindrical silos was performed based on transport equations of momentum and energy for multiphase media. The purpose of this study is to analyze simultaneously the effect of the heat of respiration and three types of boundary conditions; two of them constants (Case I,<i> &#952;</i> =1 and Case II, <i>&#952;</i><i> </i>=0) and a time&#150;dependent (Case III, simulating the change of temperature along the day&#150;night cycle) on the flow patterns, the isotherms and heat transfer to the environment. The governing equations were solved via spatial discretization using second order finite differences and time discretization using an implicit scheme. The set of algebraic equations generated was solved using Nonlinear Relaxation. In this simulation, the thermodynamic properties of sorghum grain stored in a silo of 44 m<sup>3</sup> grain capacity were used. Stability for Case I and II, were reached in a dimensionless time (Fo) equals 0.3 (that is equivalent a real time of 3.01 h), while for Case III was for <i>Fo </i>= 20 (equivalent to 200.88 h) because the periodicity of the boundary condition. For cases II and III, the boundary conditions induce the formation of multicellular flow.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>grain storage, porous media, nonlinear relaxation.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmiq/v8n1/v8n1a8.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Los autores agradecen el apoyo financiero de CONACYT en su modalidad de Ciencia B&aacute;sica, con el proyecto SEP&#150;CO1&#150;2004&#150;46230 y de CONCYTEG con el proyecto 07&#150;09&#150;k662&#150;050.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Abalone, R., Gast&oacute;n, A., Cassinerad, A. y Lara, M. A. (2006). Modelizaci&oacute;n de la distribuci&oacute;n de temperatura y humedad de granos almacenados en silos. Asociaci&oacute;n Argentina de Mec&aacute;nica Computacional. <i>Mec&aacute;nica Computacional </i>Vol XXV, 233&#150;247.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536458&pid=S1665-2738200900010000800001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
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