<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-9940</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de cardiología de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Cardiol. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-9940</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-99402019000400348</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/acm.19000134</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fibrilación auricular en cirugía cardíaca]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baeza-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas-Velasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez-Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manlio F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Portillo-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra del R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lourdes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez-Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rolando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Enríquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baranda-Tovar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>348</fpage>
<lpage>359</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402019000400348&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-99402019000400348&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-99402019000400348&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más frecuente en el periodo posquirúrgico de la cirugía cardíaca. Se relaciona con insuficiencia cardíaca, insuficiencia renal, embolismo sistémico y más días de estancia y mortalidad. La fibrilación auricular en el periodo posquirúrgico de la cirugía cardíaca (FAPCC) suele aparecer en las primeras 48 horas. Los principales mecanismos que producen la aparición y el mantenimiento de la FAPCC son el aumento del tono simpático y la respuesta inflamatoria. Los factores de riesgo adjuntos son la edad avanzada, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, enfermedad renal crónica, cirugía valvular, fracción de expulsión del ventrículo izquierdo menor de 40% e interrupción de fármacos bloqueadores &#946;. Existen instrumentos que han demostrado predecir la aparición de FAPCC. El tratamiento profiláctico con bloqueadores &#946; y amiodarona se relaciona con disminución de la aparición de FAPCC. Dada su naturaleza transitoria, se sugiere que el tratamiento inicial de FAPCC sea el control de la frecuencia cardíaca y sólo en caso de que el tratamiento no consiga el retorno al ritmo sinusal está indicada la cardioversión eléctrica. Se desconoce cuál debe ser el seguimiento a largo plazo y sólo se conocen en escasa medida las complicaciones más allá de este periodo. La FAPCC no es una arritmia benigna ni aislada en los pacientes sometidos a operación cardíaca, por lo que la identificación de los factores de riesgo, su prevención y el seguimiento en el ámbito ambulatorio deben formar parte de las unidades dedicadas a la atención y los cuidados de estos pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent arrhythmia in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. It is associated with heart failure, renal insufficiency, systemic embolism and increase in days of in-hospital and mortality. Atrial fibrillation in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery (FAPCC) usually appears in the first 48 h after surgery. The main mechanisms involved in the appearance and maintenance of FAPCC are the increase in sympathetic tone and the inflammatory response. The associated risk factors are advanced age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, valve surgery, fraction of ejection of the left ventricle less 40% and the withdrawal of beta-blocker drugs. There are instruments that have been shown to predict the appearance of FAPCC. Prophylactic treatment with beta-blockers and amiodarone, is associated with a decrease in the appearance of FAPCC. Given its transient nature, it is suggested that the initial treatment of FAPCC be the heart rate control and only if the treatment does not achieve a return to sinus rhythm, the use of electrical cardioversion is suggested. It is unknown what should be the long-term follow-up and complications beyond this period are little known. FAPCC is not a benign or isolated arrhythmia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, so the identification of risk factors, their prevention, and follow-up in the outpatient setting, should be part of the units dedicated to the care and care of these patients.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fibrilación auricular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cirugía cardíaca]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Arritmias en cirugía cardíaca]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atrial fibrillation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiac surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiac surgery arrhythmias]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LaPar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Speir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crosby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Postoperative atrial fibrillation significantly increases mortality, hospital readmission, and hospital costs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Thorac Surg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>527-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frendl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sodickson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gersh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tisdale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2014 AATS guidelines for the prevention and management of perioperative atrial fibrillation and flutter for thoracic surgical procedures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>148</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>153-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Card Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>196</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Limite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cianflone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Postoperative arrhythmias after cardiac surgery:incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cardiol Res Pract]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2014</volume>
<page-range>1-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damiano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ailawadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thourani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pollock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of new-onset atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass graft surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Heart]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>985-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Enríquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Taquiarritmias postoperatorias en la cirugía cardíaca del adulto]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Profilaxis. Cir Cardiovasc]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>259-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuessler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaynor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hames]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damiano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Postoperative atrial fibrillation:the role of the inflammatory response]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1357-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zakkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ascione]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angelini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suleiman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inflammation, oxidative stress and postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>154</volume>
<page-range>13-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[St-Onge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perrault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillinov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pericardial blood as a trigger for postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Thorac Surg]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>321-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echahidi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pibarot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Hara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanisms, prevention, and treatment of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>793-801</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tudor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramsay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A multicenter risk index for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>291</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1720-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selvi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gungor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zencir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gulasti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eryilmaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akgullu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new predictor of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery:HATCH score]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Investig Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>648-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bessissow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devereaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso-Coello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Postoperative atrial fibrillation in non-cardiac and cardiac surgery:an overview]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Thromb Haemost]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>S304-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nirgude]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gujjar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidence and risk factors for development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Indian J Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>887</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akintoye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sellke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavazzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mozaffarian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation and other adverse events after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>155</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>242-251.e10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lomivorotov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Efremov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pokushalov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karaskov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery:pathophysiology, prophylaxis, and treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>200-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thunberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waldron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piccini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intraoperative magnesium administration does not reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>861-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Chami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kilgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elfstrom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halkos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thourani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lattouf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prediction of new onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac revascularization surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>649-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mariscalco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biancari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanobini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cottini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piffaretti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saccocci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bedside tool for predicting the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery:The POAF Score]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Heart Assoc]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agewall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esquivias G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Budts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carerj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casselman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guía ESC 2016 sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la fibrilación auricular, desarrollada en colaboración con la EACTS]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Esp Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>e1-e84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gandhe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hargave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prediction of postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery:Is CHA2DS2 -VASc score useful?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Card Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>182-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DTT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abboud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rashidian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dupuis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J-Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prospective external validation of three preoperative risk scores for prediction of new onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arsenault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yusuf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crystal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Healey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interventions for preventing post-operative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing heart surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3611</numero>
<issue>3611</issue>
<page-range>1-219</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geovanini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Brito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miguel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GAS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glauser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakiri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fibrilación atrial en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca:¿Quién debe recibir quimioprofilaxia?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arq Bras Cardio]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>316-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lunny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirzaee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preoperative use of oral beta-adrenergic blocking agents and the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Heart Lung Circ]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>310-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ACT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yanagawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>183-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitchell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Exner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wyse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Connolly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prystai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prophylactic oral amiodarone for the prevention of arrhythmias that begin early after revascularization, valve replacement, or repair:PAPABEAR:a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>294(24)</numero>
<issue>294(24)</issue>
<page-range>3093-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nava-Townsend]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SRA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Amiodarona oral para fibrilación auricular en pacientes programados a cirugía cardiotorácica [Tesis de Especialidad]]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>13</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raiten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutsche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>122-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imazio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trinchero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brucato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rovere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gandino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cemin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COlchicine for the Prevention of the Post-pericardiotomy Syndrome (COPPS):a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Heart J]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<issue>22</issue>
<page-range>2749-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imazio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brucato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrazzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rovere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gandino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cemin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colchicine reduces postoperative atrial fibrillation:results of the Colchicine for the Prevention of the Postpericardiotomy Syndrome (COPPS) atrial fibrillation substudy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>2290-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imazio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brucato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrazzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pullara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barosi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colchicine for prevention of postpericardiotomy syndrome and postoperative atrial fibrillation:the COPPS-2 randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>312</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1016-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lennerz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tantawy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sopher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whittaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colchicine for primary prevention of atrial fibrillation after open-heart surgery:systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>249</volume>
<page-range>127-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deftereos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vrachatis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angelidis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vrettou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A-R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giotaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of colchicine in treating postoperative and post–catheter ablation atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Ther]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dernellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panaretou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between C-reactive protein concentrations during glucocorticoid therapy and recurrent atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Heart Journal]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>1100-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halonen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halonen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Järvinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taskinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarkka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Corticosteroids for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery:a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>297</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>1562-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dieleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intraoperative high-dose dexamethasone for cardiac surgery:a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>308</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>1761-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kluger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Denowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konecny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of perioperative corticosteroid use on the incidence of postcardiothoracic surgery atrial fibrillation and length of stay]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Heart Rhythm]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>461-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fromm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The efficacy and dosage effect of corticosteroids for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery:a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>458-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cappabianca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rotunno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Luca Tupputi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Schinosa L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ranieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paparella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protective effects of steroids in cardiac surgery:a meta-analysis of randomized double-blind trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>156-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dvirnik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belley-Cote]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devereaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dieleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Steroids in cardiac surgery:a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>657-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Waal BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buise]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zundert AAJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perioperative statin therapy in patients at high risk for cardiovascular morbidity undergoing surgery:a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>44-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jayaram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Emberson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perioperative rosuvastatin in cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>374</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>1744-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Putzu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Carvalhoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silva CMPD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Almeida JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belletti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perioperative statin therapy in cardiac and non-cardiac surgery:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Intensive Care]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>95</numero>
<issue>95</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation:updated meta-analysis and systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Interv Card Electrophysiol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>105-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mozaffarian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fish oil and postoperative atrial fibrillation:the omega-3 fatty acids for Prevention of Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation (OPERA) randomized trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>2000-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jedwab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Redley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hutchinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Magnesium sulphate replacement therapy in cardiac surgery patients:a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aust Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdel-Salam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nammas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery:can ivabradine reduce its occurrence?Ivabradine in postoperative atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>670-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y-C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N-H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C-C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y-J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S-A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heterogeneous expression of potassium currents and pacemaker currents potentially regulates arrhythmogenesis of pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1039-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samartín R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Blas RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ruiz M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimulación cardíaca temporal. Estimulación tras cirugía cardíaca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Esp Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>54-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaleda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCormack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shipolini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does posterior pericardiotomy reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>384-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abouarab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leonard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohmes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LQ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivascu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Posterior left pericardiotomy for the Prevention of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery (PALACS):study protocol for a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trials]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>593</numero>
<issue>593</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wyse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Awaldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiMarco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domanski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>347</volume>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
<page-range>1825-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillinov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bagiella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moskowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raiten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Groh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowdish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rate control versus rhythm control for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>374</volume>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>1911-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Gelder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Groenveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crijns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJGM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuininga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tijssen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JGP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lenient versus strict rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>362</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>1363-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosmidou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kappetein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serruys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gersh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puskas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New-onset atrial fibrillation after PCI or CABG for left main disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>739-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ED]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rørth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gundlund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Long-term thromboembolic risk in patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>417</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
