<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-9436</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[La ventana. Revista de estudios de género]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[La ventana]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-9436</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro de Estudios de Género]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-94362018000200294</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reivindicaciones femeninas, dominación masculina y violencia simbólica en las canciones de Paquita la del Barrio]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrera Bassols]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sonia Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>48</numero>
<fpage>294</fpage>
<lpage>326</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-94362018000200294&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-94362018000200294&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-94362018000200294&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este trabajo presenta algunos resultados del análisis del cancionero de la cantante de música popular Paquita la del Barrio, ubicando dos momentos en su carrera artística y analizando diversos núcleos temáticos de ambas etapas, donde vemos el paso de cantante de boleros y de canciones de la noche a la construcción de su imagen como defensora de las mujeres, reivindicadora de una respuesta agresiva y determinada por parte de las mujeres, explotadas, mal amadas, violentadas a través de la infidelidad de sus parejas. Dentro de la segunda etapa, una canción la hace famosa incluso internacionalmente: &#8220;Rata de dos patas&#8221;, desarrollándose en adelante una serie de canciones reivindicativas de las mujeres que llegan inclusive al llamado a responder los agravios sentidos con discursos agresivos, denigradores de la supuesta &#8220;hombría&#8221; de los varones machistas, no sólo por sus abusos, deslealtad y desamor, sino también por la burla de sus &#8220;pequeños&#8221; atributos sexuales o su declinar sexual al llegar a la vejez, que se busca paliar seduciendo a jovencitas, quienes les agraviarán a su vez a través de la infidelidad. El análisis se desarrolla a partir del concepto de &#8220;violencia simbólica&#8221; de Pierre Bourdieu y encontramos solamente una canción que busca una cierta resignificación de la masculinidad &#8220;verdadera&#8221;, que evidentemente es una golondrina que no hace verano en su producción discográfica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This work presents the results of the analysis of Paquita la del Barrio&#8217;s songs, a well-known Mexican singer of popular music, splitting her musical career into two main phases which encompass her transition from the singer of bolero and canciones de la noche -songs about night life- to her current image as defender of women and an advocate for a strong and aggressive response from their part to their being exploited, depricated, and aggravated by their partners&#8217; infidelities. She became internationally known during the second phase for her song titled &#8220;Rata de dos patas&#8221; -two-legged-rat-, developping a long list of song lyrics that aim to respond to women&#8217;s grievances by denigrating the supposed manhood of machista men while referring not only to their actual abuses, such as cheating or a lack of loyalty in general, but also to the assumed &#8220;small&#8221; size of their sexual attributes and to their sexual decline, which comes naturally with aging. According to these songs, attempts are made by those men to mitigate this decline by seducing significantly younger women, whom may in return pay back by cheating on them. Our analysis is based on Pierre Bourdieu&#8217;s concept of &#8220;symbolic violence&#8221;. Signficantly, we found only one song which aims at resignifying the concept of &#8220;real&#8221; manhood.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dominación masculina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia simbólica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reivindicaciones femeninas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[discurso de odio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[misandria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Male domination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[symbolic violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[female vindications]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hate speech]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[misandry]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Autor desconocido</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cuál de los dos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Paquita la del barrio-Grupo Oro Negro]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourdieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La dominación masculina]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Anagrama]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Besos Callejeros]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Paquita la del Barrio con banda]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pa&#8217; puras vergüenzas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ni un cigarro]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De la Peza Casares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M del C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El bolero y la educación sentimental. Sus procesos de significación y resignificación, de lecturas y escrituras diversas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios sobre las Culturas Contemporáneas]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>VI</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Colima]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olvera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El bolero y la educación sentimental en México]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UAM/Miguel Ángel Porrúa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olvera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Palabras que matan. Discurso del odio y feminicidios en México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrera Bassols]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arriaga Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Género, cultura, discurso y poder]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INAH/CONACULTA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Al cuarto vaso de vino]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Al cuarto vaso]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Poncela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pero vas a estar muy triste y así te vas a quedar]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[No hay quinto malo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Paquita la del Barrio con mariachi]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tres veces te engañé]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tres veces te engañé]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olvera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Confesión]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Te voy a recordar]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[TV Notas]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paquita la del]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Biografía]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Más hombre que tú]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bórrate]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Qué deteriorado estás]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Resultó vegetariano]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las mujeres mandan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Las mujeres mandan]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Viejo rabo verde]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Puro dolor]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Si yo fuera varón]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Puro dolor]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rata de dos patas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Taco placero]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Taco placero]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Taco Placero]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chiquito]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Qué mamá tan chaparrita]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hombres malvados]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hombres malvados]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toscano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Me saludas a la tuya]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Me saludas a la tuya]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdelamar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cheque en blanco]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Desquítate conmigo]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Discos Musart]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vergara Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fronteras: musicalizando la identidad. Estética, sexualidad y &#8220;raza&#8221;]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. Á.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cisneros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nivón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diversidad: aproximaciones a la cultura en la metrópoli]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana/Plaza y Valdés]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zárate Rosales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Algunos mensajes misóginos en canciones populares comerciales]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cazés Menache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huerta Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hombres ante la misoginia: miradas críticas]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Plaza y Valdés, CEIICH/UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
