<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-888X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[TIP]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-888X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-888X2008000100041</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Metagenómica, Genómica y Ecología Molecular: La Nueva Ecología en el bicentenario de Darwin]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonilla-Rosso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valeria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eguiarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Instituto de Ecología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>41</fpage>
<lpage>51</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-888X2008000100041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-888X2008000100041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-888X2008000100041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En años recientes hemos presenciado un avance enorme en el desarrollo de tecnologías moleculares, en particular en las relacionadas con la secuenciación del ADN. El impacto de la genómica y metagenómica es de tal magnitud que revolucionarán las ciencias ecológicas, dando origen, junto con la Ecología Molecular, a una Nueva Ecología, con preguntas y metodologías diferentes a las abordadas por la ecología clásica. Estas nuevas metodologías abren la puerta a la exploración de nuevas aproximaciones al estudio de las comunidades microbianas, pues permiten el análisis simultáneo de la caracterización taxonómica de las especies contenidas en la comunidad y las funciones que pueden desempeñar. Aquí revisamos algunos de los avances de esta Nueva Ecología, describiendo el potencial que puede alcanzar si se usa junto con otras disciplinas. En general, nos permite analizar comunidades microbianas naturales, incluyendo organismos que escapan a nuestras posibilidades de cultivo en el laboratorio. Asimismo, brinda información sobre la diversidad y estructura trófica de las comunidades al tiempo que permite ligarlas con las funciones ecológicas que llevan a cabo en el ciclo de nutrientes del ecosistema que las contiene. Éste representa un salto enorme para resolver cómo es que cambian los organismos a lo largo del tiempo en respuesta a su entorno ecológico, mientras que permite analizar a una escala más fina cómo es que el entorno ecológico afecta los patrones evolutivos dentro de los linajes filogenéticos contenidos en las comunidades. Finalmente, esbozamos nuestra perspectiva sobre el futuro de la Nueva Ecología.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In recent years, we have witnessed an incredible advance in the development of molecular techniques, in particular new DNA sequencing technologies. Genomics and Metagenomics along with Molecular Ecology will revolutionize ecological sciences, giving birth to a New Ecology, with new questions and approaches to those studied by classical ecology. These new methodologies open the possibilities of new approaches to the study of microbial communities, allowing the simultaneous analysis of taxonomical and functional characterization of the community. In this review we discuss some of the advances of this New Ecology, describing its explanatory potential when used along with other disciplines. In general, it allows us to analyze natural microbial communities, including unculturable organisms. In addition, it produces information on the diversity, trophic structure of the community and functioning and nutrient cycling in the ecosystem. This represents a huge leap towards the understanding of organism evolution in its environment, and how this environment shapes evolutive patterns within phylogenetic lineages. Finally, we present our perspectives on the future development of this nascent discipline.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ADN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bacterias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bioinformàtica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comunidades Microbianas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuatrociénegas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diversidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecología Bacteriana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecología de Ecosistemas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Filogenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Microbiología Ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[DNA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bioinformatics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Microbial Communities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cuatrociénegas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diversity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacterial Ecology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecosystem Ecology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phytogeny]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Environmental Microbiology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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