<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462013000400007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Transformada para imágenes basada en memorias asociativas Alfa-Beta]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Image Transform based on Alpha-Beta Associative Memories]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alarcón Paredes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pogrebnyak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oleksiy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Argüelles Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amadeo José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación en Computación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>527</fpage>
<lpage>541</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462013000400007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462013000400007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462013000400007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se presenta un método de memorias asociativas alfa-beta para imágenes (MAABI), que origina la transformada alfa-beta (TAB) para imágenes. Esta transformada se aplica a sub-bloques de una imagen en escala de grises y genera una memoria heteroasociativa alfa-beta en cada subbloque, a partir de una matriz de transformación dada con la transformada alfa-beta inversa (TABI) recuperamos los patrones de la imagen original. El proceso de compresión de datos se divide en tres fases: transformación, cuantificación y codificación; este modelo se enfoca en la transformación de la imagen para compararse con la transformada morfológica (TM), basada en las memorias asociativas morfológicas (MAM). Se utiliza la entropía de Shannon como medida de la cantidad de bits contenidos en cada imagen. La TM, al igual que métodos tradicionales, como la transformada discreta del coseno (DCT) o la transformada discreta wavelet (DWT), no ofrece compresión alguna de la imagen; por lo que una de las ventajas ofrecidas por la TAB es que la imagen transformada posee una menor entropía que la imagen original. Asimismo, la TAB ofrece rapidez en el procesamiento con un reducido número de operaciones elementales, tales como sumas, restas, máximos y mínimos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this paper, a new method of alphabeta associative memories for images (MAABI) is presented. This method results in the alpha-beta transform (TAB) for images. The alpha-beta transform presented in this paper is applied to sub-blocks of a gray-scale image and generates an alpha-beta heteroassociative memory on each sub-block using a given transformation matrix. By means of the inverse alpha-beta transform (TABI), the original image patterns are recovered. The data compression process is divided into three stages: transformation, quantization and coding. Our model is focused on image transformation; we compare it with the morphological transform (TM) based on the morphological associative memories (MAM). In order to measure the number of bits contained in an image, the Shannon's entropy is used. The TM, as well as such traditional transforming methods as the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), cannot perform compression over an image; that is why the main advantage of the AB is a smaller value of the entropy measure of the transformed image compared to the entropy of the original image. In addition, TAB provides a faster processing with a small number of elementary operations such as addition, subtraction, maximum and minimum.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Métodos de transformadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reconocimiento de patrones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[procesamiento de imágenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[memorias asociativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[compresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Transform methods]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pattern recognition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[image processing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[associative memories]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[compression]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culos regulares</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Transformada para im&aacute;genes basada en memorias asociativas Alfa&#45;Beta</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Image Transform based on Alpha&#45;Beta Associative Memories</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Antonio Alarc&oacute;n Paredes, Oleksiy Pogrebnyak, Amadeo Jos&eacute; Arg&uuml;elles Cruz</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n en Computaci&oacute;n, Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico Nacional,</i> <i>M&eacute;xico.</i> <a href="mailto:aparedesb07@sagitario.cic.ipn.mx">aparedesb07@sagitario.cic.ipn.mx</a>, <a href="mailto:olek@cic.ipn.mx">olek@cic.ipn.mx</a>, <a href="mailto:jamadeo@cic.ipn.mx">jamadeo@cic.ipn.mx</a></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Article received on 25/04/2011    <br> 	Accepted on 20/12/2011</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este art&iacute;culo se presenta un m&eacute;todo de memorias asociativas alfa&#45;beta para im&aacute;genes (MAABI), que origina la transformada alfa&#45;beta (TAB) para im&aacute;genes. Esta transformada se aplica a sub&#45;bloques de una imagen en escala de grises y genera una memoria heteroasociativa alfa&#45;beta en cada subbloque, a partir de una matriz de transformaci&oacute;n dada con la transformada alfa&#45;beta inversa (TABI) recuperamos los patrones de la imagen original. El proceso de compresi&oacute;n de datos se divide en tres fases: transformaci&oacute;n, cuantificaci&oacute;n y codificaci&oacute;n; este modelo se enfoca en la transformaci&oacute;n de la imagen para compararse con la transformada morfol&oacute;gica (TM), basada en las memorias asociativas morfol&oacute;gicas (MAM). Se utiliza la entrop&iacute;a de Shannon como medida de la cantidad de bits contenidos en cada imagen. La TM, al igual que m&eacute;todos tradicionales, como la transformada discreta del coseno (DCT) o la transformada discreta wavelet (DWT), no ofrece compresi&oacute;n alguna de la imagen; por lo que una de las ventajas ofrecidas por la TAB es que la imagen transformada posee una menor entrop&iacute;a que la imagen original. Asimismo, la TAB ofrece rapidez en el procesamiento con un reducido n&uacute;mero de operaciones elementales, tales como sumas, restas, m&aacute;ximos y m&iacute;nimos.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> M&eacute;todos de transformadas, reconocimiento de patrones, procesamiento de im&aacute;genes, memorias asociativas, compresi&oacute;n.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this paper, a new method of alphabeta associative memories for images (MAABI) is presented. This method results in the alpha&#45;beta transform (TAB) for images. The alpha&#45;beta transform presented in this paper is applied to sub&#45;blocks of a gray&#45;scale image and generates an alpha&#45;beta heteroassociative memory on each sub&#45;block using a given transformation matrix. By means of the inverse alpha&#45;beta transform (TABI), the original image patterns are recovered. The data compression process is divided into three stages: transformation, quantization and coding. Our model is focused on image transformation; we compare it with the morphological transform (TM) based on the morphological associative memories (MAM). In order to measure the number of bits contained in an image, the Shannon's entropy is used. The TM, as well as such traditional transforming methods as the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), cannot perform compression over an image; that is why the main advantage of the AB is a smaller value of the entropy measure of the transformed image compared to the entropy of the original image. In addition, TAB provides a faster processing with a small number of elementary operations such as addition, subtraction, maximum and minimum.</font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Transform methods, pattern recognition, image processing, associative memories, compression.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/cys/v17n4/v17n4a7.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Los autores agradecen al Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico Nacional (Secretar&iacute;a Acad&eacute;mica, COFAA, SIP, y al CIC), al CONACyT, al SNI, y al ICyTDF (apoyos PIUTE10&#45;77 y PICSO10&#45;85) por su apoyo econ&oacute;mico para el desarrollo de este trabajo.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>1. 1 Ahmed, N., Natarajan, T., &amp; Rao, K.R. (1974).</b> Discrete cosine transform. <i>IEEE Transactions on Computers,</i> 23(1), 90&#45;93.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2063826&pid=S1405-5546201300040000700001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
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