<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1026-8774</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. cienc. geol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1026-8774</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1026-87742016000200192</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Early Pliocene tracer of North Atlantic and South Pacific sea surface currents: Janthina typica (Bronn, 1860) (Mollusca: Gastropoda)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Trazador de corrientes marinas de superficie en el Atlántico norte y Pacífico sur durante el Plioceno temprano: Janthina typica (Bronn, 1860) (Mollusca: Gastropoda)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joaquin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lomoschitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betancort]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan-Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Departamento de Biología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Canary Islands ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Instituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Canary Islands ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>192</fpage>
<lpage>197</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1026-87742016000200192&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1026-87742016000200192&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1026-87742016000200192&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Janthina typica is an extinct, rare, floating species of gastropod from the early Pliocene whose fossils have an unusual geographic distribution, appearing in the eastern North Atlantic archipelagos (Canary, Azores, Madeira and Selvagen Islands), Morocco, and Pacific (New Zealand, Australia and Japan). This study examines the origin of this biogeography and how the species may have dispersed via sea surface currents. We have considered the published ecological aspects of the genus Janthina, the Janthina typica fossil localities, and ocean palaeocurrents. Abundant specimens of J. typica are found in marine deposits on Gran Canaria island (northeast Atlantic), 40Ar/39Ar dated at 4.2 Ma. These deposits therefore accumulated just before the end of the early Pliocene warm climate and closely predate the start of global changes that gave rise to the worlds present climate. In the early Pliocene, the cold Canary Current did not yet exist. The subtropical northeastern Atlantic Ocean was warmer than today and its waters would have met the Circumtropical Current that crossed the Central American Seaway from the Caribbean to the Pacific. From there, the South Equatorial Current flowed towards the eastern coast of Indonesia before splitting north towards Japan and south as the East Australian Current. The latter must also have extended along the southern coast of Australia, crossing the Bass Strait before reaching the area of modern-day Perth in southwestern Australia. The reverse journey (from Australia to the eastern Atlantic Ocean) would have posed far more obstacles, and is considered improbable. J. typica therefore likely originated in the East Atlantic. The main causes for its extraordinary geographic distribution are its ecology as a floating animal in warm water, tectonic plate movements that permitted an open Central American Seaway and a restricted Indonesian Seaway, and Earths rotation and its influence on marine currents.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Janthina typica es un molusco gasterópodo flotante, extinguido y raro del Plioceno. Sus fósiles presentan una distribución geográfica inusual apareciendo en los archipiélagos del este del Atlántico norte (Islas Canarias, Azores, Madeira &#947; Salvajes), en Marruecos &#947; en el oeste del Pacífico (Nueva Zelanda, Australia y Japón). En el presente trabajo se estudia la causa de esta biogeografia y de su dispersión mediante corrientes marinas de superficie. Para ello se han considerado los aspectos ecológicos del género Janthina, las localidades fósiles de J. typica y las &#961; aleo corrientes oceánicas. Abundantes ejemplares de J. typica se han encontrado en depósitos marinos de la Isla de Gran Canaria que han sido datados en 4.2 Ma. Esta época es justamente anterior a la terminación del clima cálido del Plioceno inferior y se aproxima al comienzo de los cambios globales que van a dar lugar al modelo climático actual En el Plioceno inferior la corriente fría de Canarias no existía. El Atlántico norte subtropical era más cálido que en la actualidad y sus aguas se encontrarían con la Corriente Circumtropical que cruzaba el Paso de América Central desde el Mar Caribe al Océano Pacífico. Desde ahí, la Corriente Ecuatorial del Sur fluye hacia las costas de Indonesia en donde se divide, al norte hacia Japón y al sur hacia las costas de Australia llegando a alcanzar una posición frente a la actual ciudad de Perth tras atravesar el Estrecho de Bass. El trayecto inverso (de Australia al este del océano Atlántico) encontraría más obstáculos y puede considerarse altamente improbable. De ello se deduce que J. typica se originó en el Atlántico europeo. Las principales causas de su extraordinaria distribución geográfica son su ecología, por ser un animal flotante en aguas cálidas, los movimientos de las placas tectónicas, que permitieron el paso de América Central y un estrechamiento del paso de Indonesia, y el movimiento de rotación de la Tierra y su influencia sobre las corrientes marinas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pelagic mollusk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[warm water species]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pliocene climate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plate tectonics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coriolis effect]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[early Pliocene currents]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[moluscos pelágicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fauna de aguas cálidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clima del Plioceno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[placas tectónicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[efecto Coriolis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[corrientes del Plioceno temprano]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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