<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1026-8774</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. cienc. geol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1026-8774</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1026-87742005000300371</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Construcción de perfiles granulométricos de depósitos piroclásticos por métodos ópticos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Construction of granulometric profiles of pyroclastic deposits by means of optical methods]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarocchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Damiano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lorenzo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geofísica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>371</fpage>
<lpage>382</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1026-87742005000300371&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1026-87742005000300371&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1026-87742005000300371&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El análisis granulométrico de los depósitos piroclásticos proporciona información muy importante sobre los mecanismos de transporte y sedimentación de los flujos que los emplazaron. En este trabajo se presenta el método alternativo de las intersecciones de Rosiwal para el estudio de esta clase de depósitos. El método consiste en tomar fotografías de la pared del depósito desde una posición conocida. Por medio de un programa de análisis de imágenes, las fotografías se calibran dimensionalmente, procesándolas digitalmente para obtener un mejor detalle y se les sobreponen líneas horizontales paralelas a diferentes alturas. A lo largo de estas líneas se miden sus intersecciones con los clastos y, utilizando el método de Rosiwal, se obtienen las distribuciones granulométricas en los diferentes niveles del depósito. Comparando este método con el de conteo de puntos (análisis modal), que es ampliamente utilizado y ha sido ya comprobado, el resultado revela que el método de Rosiwal es aún más preciso. Debido a que el análisis granulométrico óptico de un afloramiento puede ser alterado por la deformación debida a la perspectiva de la fotografía, se propone un método empírico, sencillo y rigu-roso para corregir los datos obtenidos. El método fue aplicado a dos afloramientos de un depósito de flujo de bloques y ceniza del volcán de Colima, el cual, aparentemente, se emplazó a partir de un flujo piroclástico. El análisis de las variaciones verticales de la granulometría con el método aquí propuesto, evidencia estructuras que no son apreciables a simple vista. Los resultados indican que el depósito está compuesto por dos unidades, las cuales probablemente representan dos flujos diferentes o dos pulsaciones del mismo flujo piroclástico. La técnica es muy útil para estudiar depósitos piroclásticos; sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos sugieren que podría aplicarse a otro tipo de depósitos granulares, ya sean de origen volcánico o no.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Granulometric analysis of pyroclastic deposits provides important information about the transport and sedimentation mechanisms of the flows that generated them. In this paper, we introduce the alternative method of Rosiwal&#8217;s intercepts to study this type of deposits. The method consists in taking photographs of the outcrop from a known position. By means of an image-analysis software, the images are calibrated and digitally processed in order to improve the resolution. Successively, a set of line probes are established at different heights in the deposit and parallel to the stratification surfaces. The clasts that intercept these lines are measured. By using the Rosiwal&#8217;s method, we obtain the granulometric distribution at different levels of the deposit. A comparison of this method, with the more widely used and largely tested point-counting method, shows that de Rosiwal&#8217;s intercept method is more reliable. Because all the photographs taken from an outcrop are altered by the perspective of the photograph, we propose an empirical, practical, and yet rigorous method to correct the obtained data. The method was applied to two outcrops of an apparent single block- and ash-flow deposit at Colima volcano. The study of the vertical variations of granulometry by means of the Rosiwal&#8217;s intercept method allowed us to recognize structures, not evident to the naked eye. The observed variations are probably related to the presence of two different flow units in the block-and-ash flow deposit that might be due to pulsating flow waves at the time of deposition. This technique is very useful to study pyroclastic deposits and the results suggest that it could be also applied to other kind of granular deposits.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis granulométrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[método de Rosiwal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[volcán de Colima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[depósitos piroclásticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[granulometric analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rosiwal&#8217;s method]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colima volcano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pyroclastic deposits]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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