<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4999</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4999</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-49992019000400945</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/rica.2019.35.04.13</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[REMOCIÓN DE CROMO TRIVALENTE EN AGUAS RESIDUALES DE CURTIEMBRES MEDIANTE UN PROCESO BIÓTICO-ABIÓTICO BASADO EN EL USO DE Yarrowia lipolytica y Candida fluviatilis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[REMOVAL OF TRIVALENT CHROMIUM IN TANNERY WASTEWATER BY BIOTIC-ABIOTIC PROCESS BASED ON Yarrowia lipolytica AND Candida fluvialitis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordoñez Burbano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Didier Erlinton]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benítez-Campo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Neyla]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>945</fpage>
<lpage>956</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-49992019000400945&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-49992019000400945&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-49992019000400945&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las curtiembres son reconocidas por generar residuos tóxicos altamente contaminantes, entre ellos el cromo, metal que recibe gran atención por los efectos negativos sobre la biota y los seres humanos. A pesar de existir diferentes métodos físicos y químicos para su tratamiento, son poco acogidos por los altos costos y la complejidad de las tecnologías. Con el propósito de evaluar la capacidad de remoción de cromo trivalente con microorganismos provenientes de aguas residuales del curtido de pieles, se aislaron microrganismos acidófilos, cromo resistentes, en medios de cultivo preparados a partir de las sales requeridas para el proceso del curtido. Posteriormente, se seleccionaron dos levaduras nativas, por su mayor abundancia, identificadas como Yarrowia lipolytica y Candida fluviatilis, que fueron utilizadas en conjunto para inocular los biotratamientos tipo lote, que se hicieron en matraces Erlenmeyer empacados con arena de 2.5 a 6 mm de grosor, que contenían agua del curtido, a una concentración de 1021 mg Cr (III)/L. Se incluyeron testigos químicos, físicos y biológicos. Después de 21 días de incubación en los biotratamientos se removió 97.5 % del cromo con aumento del pH. Esta investigación demostró la importancia de la interacción de factores bióticos y abióticos para potenciar la remoción del cromo en aguas ácidas provenientes de curtiembres. Los resultados son novedosos para el tratamiento de efluentes del curtido, al disminuirse la concentración de cromo trivalente mediante un método biológico que a su vez aumenta el pH, alcanzando valores permisibles y aprovechando la biodiversidad propia de estos efluentes, beneficios que posibilitan su posterior utilidad a mayor escala.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Tanneries are recognized for generating highly polluting toxic wastes, including chromium, a metal that receives great attention due to the negative effects on biota and humans. Despite the existence of different physical and chemical methods for its treatment, these are not well received due to the high costs and complexity of the technologies. In order to evaluate the removal capacity of trivalent chromium with microorganisms from wastewater from leather tanning, acidophilic, chromium-resistant microorganisms were isolated in culture media prepared from the salts required for the tanning process. Subsequently, two native yeasts were selected, by their greater abundance, identified as Yarrowia lipolytica and Candida fluviatilis, which were used together to inoculate the batch type biotreatments, which consisted of Erlenmeyer flasks, packed with sand of 2.5 to 6 mm thick, containing tanning water at a concentration of 1021 mg Cr (III) / L, chemical, physical and biological controls were included. After 21 days of incubation, 97.5 % of the chromium was removed in the biotreatments, with an increase in pH. This research demonstrated the importance of the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors to enhance the removal of chromium in acid waters from tanneries. The results are novel for the treatment of tanning effluents, reducing the concentration of trivalent chromium by a biological method that in turn increases the pH, reaching permissible values and taking advantage of the own biodiversity of these effluents, benefits that make possible their later utility on a larger scale.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[asociación microbiana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biorreactor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[curtido de pieles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[levaduras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microorganismos acidófilos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbial association]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioreactor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tanning of hides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[yeasts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acidophilic microorganisms]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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