<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigaciones geográficas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Invest. Geog]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geografía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-46112017000300003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14350/rig.56578</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cambios de la línea costera en el delta del río Balsas, Pacífico mexicano, entre los años 1943-2009]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Coastline&#697;s changes in the Balsas River delta, Mexico, between the years 1943-2009]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Ramón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueroa Mah Eng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geografía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México, D. F. ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>94</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-46112017000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-46112017000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-46112017000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: A partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX y hasta el presente, la construcción de numerosas obras de ingeniería hidráulica e hidroeléctrica han contribuido aceleradamente a la ruptura del equilibrio entre los flujos hidrológicos y sedimentarios en las cuencas fluviales y los procesos de progradación/regresión en el desarrollo de geoformas deltaicas y de otros tipos de relieve costero. A su vez, la retención sedimentaria en los embalses no sólo ha provocado la regresión de las costas sino que ha impactado severamente los ecosistemas naturales y socioproductivos. En el caso de las llanuras deltaicas del río Balsas, en el océano Pacífico, la construcción de las hidroeléctricas &#8220;El Infiernillo&#8221; y &#8220;La Villita&#8221;, en los años 1964 y 1973, respectivamente, determinó una notable regresión del delta y numerosos cambios morfodinámicos fluviales y costeros. Estos cambios se analizan durante los 66 años comprendidos entre los años 1943 y 2009, a través de la evidencia documental de la cartografía oficial y de la restitución de la línea de costa de diversos materiales aerofotográficos. Los cambios más significativos en la regresión del delta, con tasas regresivas máximas de -20.5 m/año, ocurren en la etapa del escurrimiento hidrológico controlado, entre los años 1963 y 1974, debido al cierre de los embalses, luego de una larga fase de progradación en condiciones naturales, desde el año 1943 y hasta 1958. En el sector occidental del delta, la tasa regresiva promedio alcanzó -8.8 m/año (1958-2009) contrastando con la tasa progradativa de +27.47 m/año, previa a las construcciones ingenieras.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Since the second half of the twentieth century, the undertaking of a number of hydraulic and hydroelectric projects has contributed to the disruption of the balance of water and sediment flows in river basins, leading to accelerated processes of progradation and regression in deltaic and other coastal landforms. The retention of sediments in reservoirs has not only resulted in coastal regression, but has severely impacted natural and socio-productive ecosystems as well. In the case of the deltaic plains of the Balsas river in Mexico, the construction of El Infiernillo and La Villita hydroelectric plants in 1964 and 1973, respectively, led to a marked regression of the delta as well as several morphodynamic changes in riverine and coastal areas. The Balsas river basin is located between 17° and 20° North and 97° 30&#8217; and 103° 15&#8217; West, occupying the border between the states of Guerrero and Michoacan along the Mexican Pacific coast. The delta, itself an expression of fluvial sedimentation at the lower course, as the river leaves the mountainous terrain of the southern Sierra Madre, consists of a vast plain representing one third of the total watercourse from north to south, and is divided into two distributary arms leading all the way into the Pacific Ocean, where clear signs of progradation such as cross stratification and valley fills have been detected on the gentle slopes offshore, far away from the coast. This study analyzes the morphodynamic changes taking place at the Balsas river delta front over 66 years between 1943 and 2009, using documentary evidence from official maps (1964, 1980, 1990, 1998, 2001 and 2003), as well as photographic restitution of the coastline using various aerial photographic materials (1943, 1958-59, 1963, 1974, 1976-1977, 1981-1982, 1985, 1996, 2006 and 2009). In the western sector, between 1943 and 1958, prior to the construction of the engineering projects, a significant trend was observed in the progradation of the delta front of the order of +1,103 m, whereas at the apex of the delta the coastline advanced towards the sea at a rate of +73.53 m/year. The most significant changes in the regression of the delta, with maximum regressive rates of -20.5 m/year, occurred during the stage of controlled water flows between 1963 and 1974, due to the closure of reservoirs, after a long phase of natural progradation from 1943 to 1958. In the western part of the delta, the average progradation rate reached -8.8 m/year (1958-2009), in contrast to the progradation rate of +27.47 m/year prior to the construction of the projects. In the eastern part of the delta, on the other hand, regression prevailed during all the periods analyzed, especially between 1963 and 1974, when even the delta coastline lacked effective protection. The maximum linear regression at the coast reached -391.83 m during that period. Later, in 1979, jetties and breakwaters started to be built to reduce the erosive impact of waves. These coastal protections resulted in a sustained reduction of erosion (average rate of -1.45 m/year) until 2009. When compared to the changes in the western sector, the regressive phase in the eastern part of the delta is notorious. The most significant extreme value occurs in the period 1963 to 1974, with a loss of beach surface of 86.68 ha, indicating an average rate of coastal regression of -10.12 m/year. It is expected that the process of coastal regression at the delta keep a low rate in coming years, given the routine maintenance to coastal protections and other infrastructure at the Lazaro Cardenas industrial port. Though they generally help improve the environmental and socio-economic conditions of upstream areas, dams may cause multiple imbalances and may adversely impact the environment towards the river mouth, leading to problems such as land losses, damages to the flora and fauna, decline of the water table, subsidence of alluvial and deltaic plains by differential sediment compaction, and the intrusion of saline water in areas adjacent to the coast, mainly during high tide, resulting in soil salinization and loss of fertility. These impacts are already identified at the Balsas River delta plain.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[morfodinámica litoral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[delta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[río Balsas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coastline morphodynamics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[delta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Balsas River]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coastline change detection using remote sensing]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alesheikh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghorbanali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>61-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdemoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Aplicación de la fotogrametría a estudios de erosión costera]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Teledetección]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Mar del Plata </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahamón Restrepo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Naar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lineamientos a 2030 para la adaptación y mitigación al riesgo del aumento del nivel del mar (ANM) en el sector turístico del borde litoral de Catagena de Indias - Colombia]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Synthesis study of an erosion hot spot, Ocean Beach, California]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erikson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Li H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>903-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drowning of the Mississippi Delta due to insufficient sediment supply and global sea-level rise]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Geoscience]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>488-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shoreline definition and detection: A review]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>688-703</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Wetland Loss in World Deltas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeWitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1A</numero>
<issue>1A</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tasas de avance/retroceso de la línea de costa mediante morfometría fotogramétrica en el sector Sanlúcar de Barrameda-Rota (Provincia de Cádiz)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anfuso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Sociedad Geológica de España]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>71-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cambios geomorfológicos en el Delta del Río Balsas]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D. F. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ESRI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[ArcGis (v. 9.3)]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fallas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ortorrectificación de fotos aéreas con ILWIS]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Laboratorio de Teledetección y Sistemas de Información Geográfica, PRMVS-EDECA, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El delta del Ebro: aula viva la educación medioambiental y el análisis de los riesgos costeros]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frenegal Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>325-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García de Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Modificaciones al sistema de clasificación climática de Köppen]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Geografía, UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nile Delta exhibited a spatial reversal in the rates of shoreline retreat on the Rosetta promontory comparing pre- and post-beach protection]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghoneim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mashaly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamble]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halls]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[AbuBark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geomorphology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>228</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fisiografía y sedimentación del delta del Río Balsas, Michoacán, México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín del Instituto de Geología]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<page-range>7-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juárez Palacio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Presa del Infiernillo (Adolfo López Mateos)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de la Lanza Espino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lagos y presas de México]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<page-range>211-23</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Ecología y Desarrollo, A. C.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koopmans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Interpretación de fotografías aéreas en la morfología costera, relacionada con proyectos de ingeniería]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Interamericano de Fotointerpretación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maderey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El recurso agua en México]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Majed Barakat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrojo Agudo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Impacto ambiental de las grandes presas en cursos bajos, deltas y plataformas litorales: el caso de Aswán]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribución y evolución de los sedimentos superficiales del delta del Río Balsas, Michoacán, México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales de la Garza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carranza-Edwards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anales del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shoreline mapping techniques]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>111-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Métodos para el cálculo de la erosión costera. Revisión, tendencias y propuestas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda Zújar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>103-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Encauzamiento del delta del Río Balsas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliva Anaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ingeniería Hidráulica en México]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>II</volume>
<numero>II</numero>
<issue>II</issue>
<page-range>52-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fotointerpretación geomorfológica del delta del Río Balsas]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ VIII Congreso Nacional de Fotogrametría y Fotointerpretación]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>205-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clasificación ecogeográfica de cuencas hidrológicas: el caso de México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cotler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las cuencas hidrográficas de México: diagnóstico y priorización]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Ecología, Fundación Gonzalo Rio Arronte I.A.P.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spatiotemporal Analysis of Shoreline Changes of the Kizilirmak Delta]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ozturk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beyazit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kilic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1389-402</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Puertos Mexicanos, SCT</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Puerto Industrial Lázaro Cárdenas]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SCT]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rapid changes in the head of the Rio Balsas submarine canyon system, Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reimnitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Marine Geology]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>245-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandoval Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguayo Camargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desprendimientos masivos de rocas en el talud continental del delta submarino del Río Balsas que ocurren por la inestabilidad de sedimentos y son causantes de corrientes de turbidez y de tsunamis]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ III Simposio de la Investigación y Desarrollo]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>México </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sedimentation bordering the Rio Balsas delta and canyons, Western Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shepard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reimnitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geological Society of America Bulletin]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<page-range>395-403</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sierra Howard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estrategias para el control y prevención de la erosion en la playa de South West en la Isla de Providencia]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nile Delta in its Destruction Phase]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wame]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>794-825</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ríos, costas, mares]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Ecología]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hacia un diagnóstico socioeconómico y ambiental del delta del Río Balsas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcalá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Espacios y Actividades costeras en Michoacán: Aproximaciones varias]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>71-99</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bozada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El delta del Río Balsas, Medio Ambiente, pesquerías y sociedad]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Variations in morphology of major river deltas as functions of ocean wave and river discharge regimes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>370-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of dams on Yangtze River sediment supply to the sea and delta intertidal wetland response]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shoreline Change of the Northern Yellow River (Huanghe) Delta after the Latest Deltaic Course Shift in 1976 and Its Influence Factors]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Coastal Research]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<page-range>48-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
