<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de fitopatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fitopatol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33092015000100095</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Escala Diagramática de Severidad para el Complejo Mancha de Asfalto del Maíz]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Diagrammatic Scale Severity for Tar Spot Complex in Maize]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lervin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandoval Islas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados Instituto de Fitosanidad-Fitopatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Texcoco Edo. México]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados Instituto de Fitosanidad-Fitopatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Texcoco Edo. México]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>95</fpage>
<lpage>103</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33092015000100095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33092015000100095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33092015000100095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El complejo mancha de asfalto del maíz, inducido por los hongos Phyllachora maydis y Monographella maydis, es una enfermedad de importancia económica en México, debido a que provoca severas pérdidas en rendimiento. Dada su importancia se requieren métodos estandarizados de cuantificación de los daños ocasionados por la enfermedad, que permitan realizar estudios epidemiológicos reproducibles; con este propósito fue elaborada una escala logarítmica de severidad con los intervalos y punto medio de cada clase de 0(0-0), 3(1-6), 12(7-22), 38(23-55), 72(56-84), 91(85-95) y 98(96-100) % de área foliar afectada, analizándose su exactitud, precisión y reproducibilidad. La evaluación consideró a diez evaluadores y 50 plantas con distintos niveles de severidad, determinadas con el Software ImageTool 3.0. La precisión y exactitud se calculó mediante un análisis de regresión lineal, entre la severidad real y estimada. Todos los evaluadores mostraron una tendencia a sobreestimar la enfermedad; y registraron valores del coeficiente b1 estadísticamente igual a 1 (P&lt;0.01), por lo que la evaluación del CMA con la escala propuesta arroja resultados cercanos a los valores reales. Se observaron buenos niveles de precisión, la r2 estuvo comprendida entre el rango 0.71 a 0.91; indicando que la escala puede ser implementada exitosamente en la evaluación de los daños de la enfermedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The tar spot complex of maize, induced by the fungi Phyllachora maydis and Monographella maydis, is a disease of economic importance in Mexico and Central America because it causes severe yield losses. Given the growing importance, standardized methods are required to quantify disease that allow for reproducible epidemiological methods. For this purpose a logarithmic scale of severity was developed with intervals and midpoints of 0(0-0), 3(1-6), 12(7-22), 38(23-55), 72(56-84), 91(85-95) and 98(96-100)% of the affected leaf area, analyzing accuracy, precision and reproducibility. The evaluation considered ten evaluators and 50 plants with different levels of severity, determined by the Image Tool 3.0 Software. The precision and accuracy was determined by a simple linear regression analysis between actual and estimated severity. All evaluators tended to overestimate the disease, and recorded values of the b1 coefficient statistically equal to 1 (P &lt;0.01), so that the disease evaluation with the proposed scale gives values close to real results. High levels of accuracy were observed; r2 was comprised between the range of 0.71 and 0.91, indicating that the scale can be successfully implemented in the evaluation of the tar spot complex disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Phyllachora maydis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Monographella maydis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Zea mays]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phyllachora maydis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Monographella maydis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Zea mays]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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