<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2003000600005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optical properties and Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters of Eu3+ in PMMA: PAAc copolymer samples]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa F.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores H.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez T.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz F.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Physics Departement ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Iztapalapa Distrito Federal]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Juriquilla Querétaro]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>519</fpage>
<lpage>524</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2003000600005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2003000600005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2003000600005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Eu3+-activated PMMA:PAAc copolymers samples with different concentrations of Eu3+ ions were prepared and the spectroscopic properties investigated. The mass density, refractive index, UV-Visible absorption and emission spectra and fluorescence decay times were experimentally obtained. These data were used with the Judd-Ofelt theory to calculate the oscillator strengths, the spontaneous emission probabilities and the branching ratios as a function of the europium content; the Eu concentration was varied in the range from 0.1 to 3 mol %. The europium ions affect the polymerization mechanism since their presence produced a steric effect, which reduces the reactivity ofthe acrylic acid. We analyzed the optical interaction mechanism between the RE3+ and the polymeric matrix, which is of radiative type.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se prepararon muestras de copolímero de PMMA:PAAc activado con Eu3+ para estudiar sus propiedades ópticas. Experimentalmente se determinaron las densidades de masa, los índices de refracción, los espectros de absorción y de emisión, así como los tiempos de decaimiento de la fluorescencia. Esta información, junto con la teoría de Judd-Ofelt, se utilizó para calcular las intensidades de oscilador, las probabilidades de emisión espontánea y las razones de intensidad relativa, como función del contenido de europio. El intervalo de concentración en las muestras fue de 0.1 a 3% mol. Los iones de europio afectan las condiciones de polimerización, ya que en la reacción de esterificación entre el ácido acrílico y los iones europio se producen dímeros y trímeros, los cuales, por un lado tienen coeficientes de difusión menores debido a su mayor tamaño, y a que la presencia del europio en el ester produce un efecto estérico, el cual reduce su reactividad. Se pudo determinar el tipo de mecanismo de interacción óptica entre el lantanido trivalente y la matriz polimérica, siendo esta del tipo radiativo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Energy transfer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Judd-Ofelt theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optical absorption]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[copolymers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Transferencia de energía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría Judd-Ofelt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[absorción óptica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[copolimeros]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Optical properties and Judd&#45;Ofelt intensity parameters of Eu<sup>3+</sup> in PMMA: PAAc copolymer samples</b></font></p>      <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>R. Sosa F.*<sup>a</sup>, M. Flores H.<sup>a</sup>, R. Rodr&iacute;guez T.<sup>b</sup>, and A. Mu&ntilde;oz F.<sup>a</sup></b></font></p>      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>a</sup> Physics</i> <i>Departement.</i> <i>UAM&#45;Iztapalapa,</i> <i>Apartado</i> <i>Postal</i> <i>55&#45;532,</i> <i>M&eacute;xico,</i> <i>D.F.</i> <i>*Corresponding author: Rebeca Sosa Fonseca; UAM&#45;I, Apartado Postal 55&#45;532; Phone: + (52) 5804 46 19; fax: + (52) 5804 46 11;</i> e&#45;mail: <a href="mailto:rebe@xanum.uam.mx">rebe@xanum.uam.mx</a>.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b</sup> CFATA,</i> <i>UNAM,</i> <i>Campus</i> <i>Juriquilla,</i> <i>Apartado</i> <i>Postal</i> <i>1&#45;1010,</i> <i>Quer&eacute;taro,</i> <i>Qro.</i> <i>76000</i></font></p>       <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 5 de noviembre de 2002.     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>   Aceptado el 22 de abril de 2003.</font></p>      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Eu<sup>3+</sup>&#45;activated PMMA:PAAc copolymers samples with different concentrations of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions were prepared and the spectroscopic properties investigated. The mass density, refractive index, UV&#45;Visible absorption and emission spectra and fluorescence decay times were experimentally obtained. These data were used with the Judd&#45;Ofelt theory to calculate the oscillator strengths, the spontaneous emission probabilities and the branching ratios as a function of the europium content; the Eu concentration was varied in the range from 0.1 to 3 mol %. The europium ions affect the polymerization mechanism since their presence produced a steric effect, which reduces the reactivity ofthe acrylic acid. We analyzed the optical interaction mechanism between the RE<sup>3+</sup> and the polymeric matrix, which is of radiative type.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Energy transfer; Judd&#45;Ofelt theory; optical absorption; copolymers.</font></p>      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se prepararon muestras de copol&iacute;mero de PMMA:PAAc activado con Eu<sup>3+</sup> para estudiar sus propiedades &oacute;pticas. Experimentalmente se determinaron las densidades de masa, los &iacute;ndices de refracci&oacute;n, los espectros de absorci&oacute;n y de emisi&oacute;n, as&iacute; como los tiempos de decaimiento de la fluorescencia. Esta informaci&oacute;n, junto con la teor&iacute;a de Judd&#45;Ofelt, se utiliz&oacute; para calcular las intensidades de oscilador, las probabilidades de emisi&oacute;n espont&aacute;nea y las razones de intensidad relativa, como funci&oacute;n del contenido de europio. El intervalo de concentraci&oacute;n en las muestras fue de 0.1 a 3% mol. Los iones de europio afectan las condiciones de polimerizaci&oacute;n, ya que en la reacci&oacute;n de esterificaci&oacute;n entre el &aacute;cido acr&iacute;lico y los iones europio se producen d&iacute;meros y tr&iacute;meros, los cuales, por un lado tienen coeficientes de difusi&oacute;n menores debido a su mayor tama&ntilde;o, y a que la presencia del europio en el ester produce un efecto est&eacute;rico, el cual reduce su reactividad. Se pudo determinar el tipo de mecanismo de interacci&oacute;n &oacute;ptica entre el lantanido trivalente y la matriz polim&eacute;rica, siendo esta del tipo radiativo.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> Transferencia de energ&iacute;a; teor&iacute;a Judd&#45;Ofelt; absorci&oacute;n &oacute;ptica; copolimeros.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 33.50; 78.20; 78.20 Ci</font></p>      ]]></body>
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