<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132023000200132</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.22000329</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Concentración de metales en sangre de cordón umbilical debido a exposición prenatal en una cohorte de la Ciudad de México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prenatal exposure to metals and concentration thereof in umbilical cord blood in a Mexico City cohort]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Téllez-Rojo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bautista-Arredondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosa-Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gisela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretaría de Salud Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Morelos ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>159</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>132</fpage>
<lpage>137</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000200132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000200132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000200132&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: En México es exigua la evidencia sobre la exposición prenatal a metales.  Objetivo: Estimar la concentración de arsénico, cadmio, manganeso y plomo en sangre de cordón umbilical (SCU), y su asociación con las concentraciones en sangre materna durante el embarazo y parto.  Material y métodos: Se analizó la concentración de los metales en sangre materna durante el embarazo (n = 901), parto (n = 732) y en la SCU (n = 512) de participantes de la cohorte PROGRESS, residentes en la Ciudad de México. Se estimó la asociación entre la concentración en SCU y los biomarcadores maternos mediante modelos lineales generalizados, ajustados por covariables relevantes.  Resultados: La media (&#956;g/L) de plomo, arsénico y manganeso en SCU fue 27.14 (25.28-29.14), 0.77 (0.71-0.84) y 42.60 (40.45-44.83), respectivamente. El valor del cadmio no se pudo estimar porque 86.2 % de las mediciones fueron inferiores al límite de detección. Las concentraciones de plomo y manganeso en SCU se asociaron significativamente a los biomarcadores maternos durante el embarazo y el parto; solo se observó asociación con arsénico en el parto.  Conclusiones: La exposición prenatal a metales tóxicos en periodos sensibles de la organogénesis evidencia un problema de salud pública desatendido. Se requiere un biomonitoreo poblacional y establecer regulación dirigida a proveer atención a población vulnerable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: In Mexico, there is a paucity of evidence on the magnitude of prenatal exposure to metals.  Objective: To estimate the concentration of arsenic, cadmium, manganese and lead in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and its association with maternal blood concentrations during pregnancy and delivery.  Material and methods: Metal concentration in maternal blood was analyzed during pregnancy (n = 901), delivery (n = 732) and in UCB (n = 512) from participants of the PROGRESS cohort residing in Mexico City. The association between concentrations in UCB and maternal biomarkers was analyzed using generalized linear models, adjusted for relevant covariates.  Results: Mean concentrations (&#956;g/L) of lead, arsenic and manganese in UCB were 27.14 (25.28-29.14), 0.77 (0.71-0.84) and 42.60 (40.45-44.83), respectively. Cadmium concentration could not be estimated because 86.2% of measurements were below the detection limit. Lead and manganese concentrations in UCB were significantly associated with maternal biomarkers during pregnancy and delivery; at delivery, association was only observed with arsenic.  Conclusions: Prenatal exposure to toxic metals in sensitive periods of organogenesis shows a neglected public health problem. Biomonitoring of the population and establishment of regulations aimed at providing care to vulnerable populations is required.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Biomonitoreo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cordón umbilical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Embarazo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Exposición prenatal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sangre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biomonitoring]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Umbilical cord]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pregnancy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prenatal exposure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Metals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Blood]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Barriga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human exposure to metals. Pathways of exposure, biomarkers of effect, and host factors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecotoxicol Environ Saf]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>93-103</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landrigan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NJR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adeyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Lancet Commission on pollution and health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>391</volume>
<page-range>462-512</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abadin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashizawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llados]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diamond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicological profile for lead]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EE. UU ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[U. S. Department of Health and Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Todd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crawford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McClure]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicological profile for manganese]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EE ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UU.:U. S. Department of Health and Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abadin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashizawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llados]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diamond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicological profile for arsenic]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EE. UU ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[U. S. Department of Health and Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhuang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heavy metals in maternal and cord blood in Beijing and their efficiency of placental transfer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Environ Sci (China)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<page-range>99-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>NTP monograph</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Health effects of low-level lead]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EE. UU ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Toxicology Program/U. S. Department of Health and Human Services]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faroon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashizawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tucker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jenkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ingerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicological profile for cadmium]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EE. UU ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[U. S. Department of Health and Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Renzetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Just]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amarasiriwardena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Svensson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The association of lead exposure during pregnancy and childhood anthropometry in the Mexican PROGRESS cohort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Res]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>152</volume>
<page-range>226-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siegel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estadística no paramétrica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aplicada a las ciencias de la conducta]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<edition>Cuarta edición</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Trillás]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arbuckle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morisset]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cirtiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal and fetal exposure to cadmium, lead, manganese and mercury:The MIREC study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chemosphere]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>163</volume>
<page-range>270-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakayama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iwai-Shimada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oguri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isobe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takeuchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kobayashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Blood mercury, lead, cadmium, manganese and selenium levels in pregnant women and their determinants:the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>633-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melough]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vance]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary cadmium intake and sources in the US]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Consejo de Salubridad General</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Programa de Acción de Aplicación Inmediata para el Control de la Exposición a Plomo en México]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo de Salubridad General]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-Sandoval]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Envenenamiento lento por plomo en los habitantes de Oaxaca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac Med Mex]]></source>
<year>1878</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>393-403</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
