1. INTRODUCTION

The idea of sustainability has been distinguished as a worldwide need and is most ordinarily characterized as "Improvement that addresses the issues of the present without trading off the capacity of future eras to address their own particular issues. This idea has infested whole ranges of Engineering, involving transportation frameworks building.

This Research task begins with depicting the eminent thinking on what constitutes sustainability of the transportation framework amid development and how to perform it. Further the study identifies some of the key transportation system sustainability issues through construction in the Metropolitan cities like Delhi. In this research, Sustainability indicators of the transportation corridor through development in an urban domain have been perceived and itemized out. The research has been made on Signature Bridge being constructed on river Yamuna by DTTDC (Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation Ltd.) and Barapulla Elevated Corridor project being constructed by the PWD (Public Works Department). Amid the research study was made at both the sites in their construction period, and it was found that Sustainability of these transportation corridors while the development stage is just not restricted to just three Pillars, but rather in actuality much past that. Finally, the real center of study lies on showing a correlation between the afore mentioned two construction sites by two government organizations, that is PWD and DTTDC, under the identical urban environment, by utilizing the Fuzzy rationale strategy to assess sustainability taking into account the perceived sustainability pointers utilizing information collected by directing different reviews (survey proforma) from the field specialists and the general population (occupants/suburbanites). This research work obtains its motivation and guidance from similar project undertaken by Shishir Bansal et al. “Sustainability Indicators of a Transportation Corridor during Construction in an Urban Environment”.

This study is based on application of fuzzy technique. Fuzzy logic is referred to as a way of “reasoning with uncertainty.” It gives an all-around characterized system to manage dubious and not completely characterized information, so one can make exact findings from uncertain information the fuzzy theory provides a mechanism for representing linguistic constructs such as “many,” “low,” “medium,” “often,” “few.” Notions like rather tall or quick can be figured numerically and prepared with a specific end goal to apply a more human-like mindset in the programming. As a rule, the fuzzy rationale gives a surmising structure that empowers suitable human thinking capacities.

2. SELECTION OF SITE

Two iconic bridges of Delhi that are Signature Bridge and Barapulla elevated Corridor have been taken into consideration for sustainability review.

SIGNATURE BRIDGE AT WAZIRABAD: Signature bridge project or Wazirabad bridge project is an upcoming project of international significance. The Bridge over River Yamuna consists of a main bridge with eastern and western approaches and creation of tourist destination along the east and west banks.

BARAPULLA ELEVATED ROAD CORRIDOR: Elevated Road Project over Barapulla Nallah is a corridor connecting East and South Delhi. The Project has been conceived in three phases with nodal locations as Mayur Vihar in East Delhi and Aurobindo Marg in South Delhi with intermediate locations as Sarai Kale Khan and Jawahar Lal Nehru Stadium.

It was found out that both projects have striking similarities, which led to formation of common ground for unbiased comparison of sustainability. The afore mentioned similarities are as follows:

3. METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR THE RESEARCH

Following procedure has been followed in this research to identify the sustainability indicators.

First, preliminary survey of the selected sites was carried out at different times during both day and night. Its main purpose was to identify certain issues which hinder the smooth movement of traffic and also those which are problematic in execution and protection of ongoing project. The list of 43 such issues was developed and then they were classified into six categories and each category is defined as Sustainability Indicators. For an Urban Environment and developing city like New Delhi, the triple bottom line concept of sustainability does not get fit. It requires extension to accommodate the local conditions. Accordingly, the triple bottom line concept is extended to six broad sustainability indicators. Based on the classification of these indicators, a questionnaire was framed and opinion of experts in this field from CRRI, PWD, BRO, Consultants, RITES etc. was obtained and with the opinion of experts, rating to these indicators was assigned based on Fuzzy methodology.

Based on Fuzzy theory, the ratings were assigned to these 43 indicators, as reflected in Table 1. In later stages a survey was conducted in commuters and residents nearby to evaluate the measures adopted by client and the construction agency in the form of questionnaire with rating scale of 0 to 9. Where 9 meant best arrangements and 0 signifies least arrangements causing maximum inconvenience.

Table 1 Identified Sustainability Indicators 

4. FUZZY LOGIC

5. NUMERICAL APPLICATION OF FUZZY LOGIC

In this section sustainability evaluation of the two transportation corridors as alternative sites namely A1 and A2, in Delhi, under construction have been carried out using the Fuzzy VIKOR technique. These project sites are Barapulla Elevated Corridor (A1) constructed by PWD and Signature Bridge (A2) constructed by DTTDC.

A committee of 10 experts (E1, E2… E10) was formed to obtain the qualitative ratings for the criteria and the alternatives.

Table 3 Qualitative assessments and aggregate fuzzy criteria ratings 

The qualitative ratings into fuzzy triangular numbers and then we generate aggregate ratings using the equation (1). The following Table presents the aggregate fuzzy decision matrix for the both the alternative sites.

Generate aggregate crisp ratings for both the alternative sites using equation (4). Based on these values, we will calculate the best f_j* and the worst f_j- values of all 43 criteria using equation (5)

Table 4 The best values fj* and the worst values fj- of the 43 criteria 

Following table presents the values of Si, Ri and Qi for the two alternatives calculated using equations (6) - (8). The values of S*= 0.736, S^- = 5.76, R*= 0.163, R^- =0.188 are computed using equation (9).

Table 6 ranks the two alternatives, by sorting the values of Si, Ri and Qi obtained from Table 5 in the ascending order. It can be seen from the above results as presented in Table 6 that site 1 that is Barapulla Elevated Corridor by the PWD is the best ranked by the measure of least value of Q_i. Therefore we now cross-examine it for the given two conditions those have been earlier discussed.

1). C1: acceptable advantage i.e. equation 9

Using equation 9 DQ = 1/43-1 = 1/42 = 0.0238.

Now to satisfy the condition Q(A⁽²⁾) - Q(A⁽¹⁾) ≥ DQ ,where A⁽¹⁾) is the best ranked by the measure Q(minimum) and in our case it is A1

We have

Q(A2) - Q(A1) = 1 - 0 = 1 > 0.0238, hence the condition QA⁽¹⁾ - QA⁽²⁾ ≥ DQ is satisfied.

2). C2: Acceptable stability in decision making using equation 10

Since site A1 is best ranked by S_i and R_i (considering the ―”by consensus rule v =0.5”), therefore it is declared to be as a more sustainable corridor.

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

7. CONCLUSIONS

Following conclusions are drawn from the above study: