The cultivation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) worldwide is undoubtedly a crop with untapped production potential and a deep adaptability strength for being a rustic plant, which requires low water requirements, shows few pest problems and a great capacity to produce high quality oil with the versatility of producing oleic and linoleic acids.

Countries with most important production worldwide are India accounting for half of the world’s production, followed by the United States of America being the state of California the leading producer, México, Argentina and Australia (^{Gilbert et al., 2008}).

In México, within the oilseeds, the safflower has been one of the most widely planted. The main characteristic is its oil content of 37 to 41% and depending on the variety type it can have 75% oleic acid and 12% linoleic or 75% linoleic acid and 12% oleic.

Production has shown ups and downs during the last few years. This variation is mainly due to the prices of wheat sown in the Northwest of México, as they are competitive crops in autumn-winter (^{Montoya, 2010}). During the cycles 2011-2012, 2012-2013 and 2013-2014, a national planting area of: 178 636.03, 96 369.92 and 114 636.03 ha respectively, producing states were: Tamaulipas, Sonora, Sinaloa, Jalisco, San Luis Potosí, Michoacán, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Veracruz, Coahuila, Chihuahua and Nayarit, with an average yield of 1.29 t ha^-1.Of which the Northwest of México sowed in 2012 94%, 2013, 65% and 2014 54% of the total area (^{SIAP, 2016}).

In the Valley of Mexicali, Baja California, safflower commercially beginning in the 1965- 1966 cycle with an area of 2 700 ha and reaching 29 000 ha in 1968- 1969, with an average yield of 1566 kg ha^-1 Later during the period of 1971 to 1981, the average plantings was 11 000 ha, with an average yield of 2 101 kg ha^-1, wich was an increase of 34%, equivalent to 535 kg ha^-1 (^{Camarillo et al., 1983}).

In 2008, in the field Norman E. Borlaug-CIRNO-INIFAP, oleic variety Cyano-ol was released, with the characteristic of high tolerance to false mildew disease Ramularia Carthami. The seed contains an average of 37.4% oil and an average of 75% oleic acid and 12.5% linoleic acid. (^{Montoya, 2010}). From the 2012 year Cyano-ol lost its tolerance to this disease.

The release of the Chey-ol variety to the genetic mosaic for the Northwest of México, will allow to reduce the dependence of foreign varieties and the production deficit of this oilseed. INIFAP has worked in the safflower genetic improvement program to generate varieties with high yield potential and industrial quality, in 2015 the Chey-ol variety was released with 40% oil, this variety exceeded Ciano-ol.

However, under conditions of high relative humidity and temperatura, Chey-ol is susceptible to diseases such as false mildew and leaf rust, this may happen in some regions of the Northwest where these conditions remain for the disease. This was due to the fact that the environmental conditions that favor the incidence of the disease were presented, which are days with high relative humidity (HR) above 70% and average maximum temperatures of 25 °C and a minimum average of 14 °C. These environmental conditions favor disease incidence according to that mentioned by ^{Armenta et al. (2005)}; ^{Hostert et al. (2006)}.

Chey-ol, is a safflower variety of the oleic type and comes from a cross between the Ciano-ol/S-518 progenitors and was identified with the genealogy CC1582-1-1-0Y, it is of intermediate vegetative cycle, flowering at 100 days, physiological maturity at 160 days and plant height of 118 cm, its growth habit is determined and erect. Its leaves are light green. The stem is erect, solid and resistant to lodging. Before flowering, the chapter shows conical shape and is completely covered by the bracts. The flowers are yellow and when they dry they turn orange; the pollen is yellow.

Its main characteristic is its 40% oil percentage, of which 77% is oleic acid and 14% is linoleic acid. The average yield of the last assessment cycles 2011-2012, 2012-2013, 2013-2014 was 3.7 t ha^-1 and exceded by 5% the Cyano-ol control variety.