Integrative ethnography as Geertz

^{Cubillo Ferrada (2006)} estimates that ethnography is considered as an own interpretative/qualitative research methodology in the social sciences, defined as an analytical description or reconstruction of the scenarios and cultural groups. Ethnography establishes relationships, selects the informants, transcribing texts, set genealogies trace maps of the area, keep a diary, etc.

^{Geertz (1987)} says that ethnography is etymologically translated as the study of ethnicity and means analysis of the lifestyle of a race or group of individuals, by observation and description of what people do, how They behave and how they interact to describe their beliefs, values, perspectives, motivations and how they vary in different times and circumstances, i.e., describes the many forms of life of human beings.

^{Guber (2012)} thinks that some of the most used tools that uses the ethnographic method are: observation. Participant observation. Open to depth interviews. Questionnaire. Stories of lives. Case studies (^{Guber, 2012}).

Data collection was made through a semi-structured interview form in language "creole" to facilitate understanding. He applied it to 19 members to MPP women and 8 women leaders of the organization who are living in the community Papaye. The selection of women was made by the leaders of the organization that helped identify them in the area. It should be noted that if the organization is very large topic members are young people, women and men. In addition, not everyone living in the Papaye community but throughout the country. Then, he was interested only to members of the organization in the community Papaye representing the official center of the MPP.

The results and analysis of the fieldwork are presented. First is the information about the 19 women interviewed and who are members of the Movement of Papaye Peasants. Second, it presents the views of eight leaders of this organization.

Of women members of the Papaye organization

The 26% of women have less than 30 years. The 21% are between 30 and 40 years. The 26% range in 40 to 50 years. This reality is also at the country level where most of the population is young. We can say that there are many possibilities and opportunities for future development in the sense that young people are like, they can receive training to help them develop their communities.

The 21% of them are married. Only 11% of them are single. However, 68% of them are living in free union. It should be noted that none of them is divorced. The information is presented in the following illustration. This can help to impoverish them because they have no security in this type of situation.

The 21% of them have no children, although 53% of them are between 1 and 5 children and 26% of them between 5 and 10 children. At the country level, the average is 4 to 5 according to the latest population census of 2003 (^{IHSI, 2003}). The high rate of members of a family in rural area can be a reason to impoverish the family.

Figure 1 Marital status of women interviewed and belonging to the peasant movement Papaye. 

53% of them have a job that can be permanent or temporary. This reality seems totally different from what is happening at the country level where most of the population does not have a job. This is a good indicator of benefit or the impact of the organization in reducing poverty.

Figure 2 Number of children of women interviewed Papaye Peasant Movement. 

Figure 3 Employment status of women interviewed in Papaye Peasant Movement. 

Culturally, 89% of them confirm that participate in many cultural activities such as the festivities of the community. Those who do not participate represent only 11%, if not participate in the festivities may be because of their religion, as in the case of Protestants. We found that 89% of them are Catholic. The 5.5% of them practice "Vudu or Vodou", only 5.5% of the women interviewed are protestant (baptist). This reality is a bit different from the reality of the country as regards the last two percentages. The Haitian population is very religious why not find anyone who vindicates as atheistic.

Table1 Religion of the women interviewed in the Papaye Peasant Movement. 

The high level of illiteracy at the country level is one of the indicators that makes an underdeveloped country. The interviews reveal that 32% of the Papaye Peasant Movement women have the primary level of study. The 42% of them have as high level of study, only 5% of the women interviewed were in college. Those who do not attend school and can neither read nor write represent 21%. In this group are more adults. However, it reflects a bit what is happening at the country level.

Reviews of some women members of the peasant movement Papaye on their participation in this organization, and community development

After meeting the general situation of these women, it was very important to understand these relationships. Therefore, in interviews or in this part of the interviews we focus a lot on the relationship between them and the participation of the organization and also with the development of their communities. We need a principle that all women interviewed are members of the Papaye Peasant Movement. The 37% of the women interviewed have more than 15 years of belonging to the MPP. The 31% are between 10 and 15 years in this organization. Only 16% are between 5 and 10 years. Those with less than 5 years in the organization represent 16%, women entering the MPP not go. They like to work in this movement and there are changes in your life because they have an economic level that allows them to respond to certain needs: food, clothing, sent their children to school.

Figure 4 Age of the women interviewed in the Papaye Peasant Movement. 

Economic activities such as agriculture, livestock and trade are the place where most women are. In these activities work 53% of the women interviewed. Those who work in some cultural activities represent 26%. Those who work as cooks, secretaries represent only 21%. Then, agriculture and trade are those that offer more work for women. At the country level, it is the same reality.

Table 2 Main activities of the women interviewed in Papaye Peasant Movement. 

The 42% claim to participate in all activities of MPP against 32% who do not participate in all activities. 26% say they participate, but not in all activities. Anyway, there is a level of participation of women in all activities and based on these findings, there is no discrimination in the MPP in terms of participation in the activities of this movement. Men and women have equal rights, equity, equality, favorable trading principles for the performance of gender. Although not all women participate in all activities, be a member of the organization in a way contributes to their development. 100% of them claim that their participation in the MPP contributes to their personal development and of course to his family.

Women's participation MPP and community development

According to them, thanks to the organization, now have: access to drinking water, access to electricity, access to health thanks to the construction of a clinic in the community, roads linking the major highways department and the country. This infrastructure development is leading indicator of participation of women in the organization and in the community. In interviews with women MPP, we asked about the advantages that being a member of this movement. Within these advantages, they listed to participate in the organization allows them know their rights, have access to lending money to business and low price, defend their rights, develop their agricultural and livestock units, have training or training on many topics interest them, men work as well.

Something very interesting is that 100% of them agree on how to operate the MPP. That is another indicator of success that has the MPP. The 95% of them say no activities they do not like. All activities of the organization contribute to their full development and community. We should mention that 100% of the women interviewed had not had an experience before entering or organization involved in the MPP. So this movement is that gives them all the skills they need and drives their development. In addition, conditions (housing, income, education, health) of many of them have been very bad before entering the MPP. The 58% of them have come in the MPP with their difficult living conditions (bad) against 11% who felt that their living conditions were good.

There are many differences among women who are members of the MPP and nonmembers. We present a summary of some differences between the two groups according to testimony: women who are members of the MPP have: job training, protecting facilities so that your family will not suffer hunger, loans for business, know their rights, they can participate fully in activities of the organization, they are very active. They were asked if their participation has been taken into account. 89% of them say no against 11% who say yes. That means the problem of participation of women in decision- making concerning them still exists in many organizations and communities.

The 50% of women think that if there are activities that are performed only men as are 50% of them think that the organization no gender in the distribution of tasks. When asked if women play major roles in the organization and in the community, they say 100% that if they play and can play any position in the organization and its community. They may be eligible to hold any political, economic, cultural and social function. The women Papaye Peasant Movement do different activities to contribute to the development of their communities. These activities can take various forms such as: economic activities: artisanal forest agriculture, trade, livestock, etc.; social and cultural activities have parties, education or training, road construction, creation of sources of drinking water (well, etc.), construction of hospitals, electricity, etc.; political activities: participation in elections of the community; environmental activities: protection of water, soil, biodiversity, air, etc.

The way women are treated in the MPP interested us a lot. 84% of them say they are well treated against 16% who say the deal is more or less well. None of them revealed a bad treatment at the MPP. However, the level of the community or local, most claim that women are victims of violence, theft, etc. The latter situations are almost general throughout the country. What is needed women to fully take their rights in the Papaye community as they themselves are: quality education, more work, dialogue with stakeholders in the organization and community support to go to school, respect their rights, more access to health.

Results arisen analysis and interviews of some leaders of the peasant movement Papaye

There are women responsible in all areas of the organization, which is a good indicator index or participation, we interviewed a group of 8 women who are responsible for the MPP. Here are profiles of them, what they are doing and their opinion on the participation of women regarding their development and that of their community. We interviewed 8 women who work or are part of the executive committee of the MPP. They are responsible for many areas. The 63% are between 30 and 40 years and 37% of them are between 40 and 50 years. The 50% of them are between 10 and 15 years old at the MPP. The 37.5% of them have more than 15 years as members. Only 12.5% of them have less than 5 years since we are members of this peasant movement. We found that in the MPP, women can occupy any position. This interview revealed that there are women who are coordinators, administrators, secretaries, etc.

To find the conditions to involve the MPP as a woman and as a member, it was necessary to ask the ruling requirements or criteria for applicants. According to them, to be a member of MPP, particularly women must: be 18 years, part of a mixed group or a group of women, join a group to receive training. The 100% of these leaders say they love the way women participate in the MPP, there is some kind of discrimination within. In each activity that makes the organization, 50% of women are asked. The Papaye organization promotes equality between men and women. The women MPP do many activities within the organization: participating in group meetings, produce vegetables, participate in the meeting, held at the world earth day, women make trade, participate in cultural activities, participate in all community development activities.

According to them, there is a good relationship between men and women in the organization because all activities are 50% women and 50% of men in the MPP no discrimination between men and women, there is a good atmosphere in this regard. In regard to the rights of men and women no big difference, participation of women in the economic, political, social and cultural development of the organization is a good indicator. The 100% of leaders say that. 100% of them also claim that no discrimination as regards the type of jobs that only men can do that women cannot. Therefore, in the MPP, men and women can be: president (a), coordinator (a), director (a), secretary.

According to interviews with leaders, 100% of them confirm that the participation of women Papaye contributes to the development community. They claim that the more they participate, the more they can contribute to a better development of the Papaye community. What it is directly linked with the hypothesis posed at the beginning of this work. According to the interviewed leaders, women participate in major decisions of the community. The 75% of them confirmed that against 25% of them think that women participate more or less in major decisions of the community. According to 100% of these leaders, women participate in the political life of the community through elections. Also, they confirm that participate in the economic life of the community in the development of agriculture, livestock, trade, etc. Through education projects, health and development of roads, electricity, potable water, say those women contribute socially to the development of their community. Culturally also involved in the development of the area through organizing parties, promoting Haitian culture as voodoo, dances, food, etc.

Haitian society is a society where machismo is very strong. The woman is considered as inferior. Their rights are not always respected. In the labor market, they are victims. According to the leaders of the MPP, there is a lot of discrimination in the community. The women are victims of violence, theft, etc. Although relations between men and women are better now thanks to the training they receive, there are many things that must be done. Indeed, forms of discrimination of which they are victims forbid them to participate fully in the development of their community. For example they say that at home women have problems with their husbands and cannot work well in the organization and in the community. In the community of men they think they are superior. Then, there is gender equality only in the organization but not in the community by those leaders.