Extracción automática de los patrones de rección de verbos de los diccionarios explicativos

 

Automatic Extraction of Semantic Valences of Verbs from Explanatory Dictionaries

 

Noé Alejandro Castro-Sánchez* y Grigori Sidorov**

 

Los autores trabajan en el Centro de Investigación en Computación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México DF (email: *noe.acastro@gmail.com, **sidorov@cic.ipn.mx).

 

Manuscrito recibido el 14 de febrero de 2012.
manuscrito aceptado el 7 de mayo de 2012.

 

Resumen

En este trabajo se propone el uso de métodos simbólicos para la extracción de las valencias semánticas de verbos describiéndolas bajo el concepto de patrones de rección de la teoría Significado ⇔ Texto. El método se basa en el procesamiento automático de las definiciones de verbos contenidas en diccionarios explicativos y en el análisis de relaciones semánticas, principalmente de inclusión y de sinonimia, establecidas entre ellos. Partimos de la hipótesis de que las definiciones lexicográficas existentes en diccionarios explicativos deben proporcionar la suficiente información para identificar los actantes de verbos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que, a pesar de que en muchas de las definiciones no es posible encontrar información relativa a la estructura argumental de los verbos, es posible deducirla identificando y analizando las definiciones con las que existan relaciones sinonímicas y de inclusión.

Palabras clave: Actantes, sinónimos, marcos de subcategorización, valencias, diccionarios explicativos.

 

Abstract

In this work we propose the application of symbolic methods for extraction of semantic valences of the verbs describing them under the Government Pattern concept of the Meaning ⇔Text Theory. The method is based on the automatic processing of the definitions of verbs used in Explanatory Dictionaries and the analysis of semantic relationships, as inclusion and synonymy, given among them. We believe that lexicographic definitions of Explanatory Dictionaries supply enough information for identifying verb actants. The obtained results show that even when it is not possible to find information related to the argument structure of verbs in the definitions, it is possible to deduce it identifying and analyzing other definitions which semantic relationships are established.

Key words: Actants, synonyms, subcategorization frames, valences, explanatory dictionaries.

 

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AGRADECIMIENTOS

El trabajo fue realizado con el apoyo parcial del gobierno de México (proyectos CONACYT 50206-H y 83270, SNI) e Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México (proyectos SIP 20111146, 20113295, 20120418, COFAA, PIFI), Gobierno del DF (ICYT-DF proyecto PICCO10-120) y la Comisión Europea (proyecto 269180).

 

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