Article

 

Speciation and Sources of Toxic Metals in Sediments of Lake Chapala, Mexico

 

Juan Luis Trujillo–Cárdenas,ª Nereida P. Saucedo–Torres,ª Pedro Faustino Zárate del Valle,ª Nely Ríos–Donato,ª Eduardo Mendizábal,ª Sergio Gómez–Salazar^b*

 

ª Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Blvd. M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México 44430, Tel. +52 33 3650 3401, Fax: +52 33 3619 7316.

^b Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Guadalajara. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Blvd. M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México 44430, Tel. +52 33 3650 3401, Fax: +52 33 3619 7316. ^*Responsible author: sergio.gomez@cucei.udg.mx.

 

Received July 22, 2009
Accepted March 12, 2010

 

Abstract

Heavy metals chemical speciation in Lake Chapala sediments was studied using sequential extraction to assess the mobility of potentially biotoxic metals and to elucidate their sources. Lake water quality was also studied. Results show Cd, Pb, Cr present in exchangeable and carbonate fractions indicating anthropogenic origin. An ecologic history indicates anthropogenic sources of Cd, Pb, Cr during 1960–2006. Risk Assessment Code indicates very high risk of pollution for water column due to high potential detachment of heavy metals.

Key words: sediments; toxic metals; speciation; lake pollution.

 

Resumen

La especiación química de metales pesados en sedimentos del Lago de Chapala fue estudiada usando extracción secuencial para evaluar la movilidad de metales potencialmente biotóxicos y para determinar su origen. La calidad del agua del lago también fue estudiada. Los resultados muestran a Cd, Pb, Cr presentes en fracciones intercambiables y de carbonatos indican su origen antropogénico. Una historia ecológica indica fuentes antropogénicas de Cd, Pb, Cr durante 1960–2006. El Código de Evaluación de Riesgo indica riesgo muy alto de contaminación a la columna de agua debido al alto potencial de desprendimiento de estos metales.

Palabras clave: Sedimentos; metales tóxicos; especiación; contaminación del lago.

 

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