Marcadores Cuánticos para la Detección de Cáncer: Revisión

 

J. Douda*^a, P. A. Calva^a, T. V. Torchynska^b, R. Peña Sierra^c y J. M. de la Rosa Vázquez^d

 

^a UPIITA - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México D.F. 07738, México

^b ESFM - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México D.F. 07738, México

^c CINVESTAV, México D.F. 07738, México

^d ESIME - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México D.F. 07738, México

 

Recibido: 17 de octubre de 2008;
Aceptado: 11 de noviembre de 2008

 

Resumen

En este trabajo se presenta el estado del conocimiento sobre puntos cuánticos (QDs) para la detección temprana de cáncer. También se discuten los métodos de síntesis de estructuras núcleo/coraza; encapsulamiento polimérico de las nanopartículas y métodos de conjugación con moléculas biológicas. Se analizan los métodos para mediciones ópticas de QDs con y sin bioconjugación y se reportan algunos resultados experimentales obtenidos por espectroscopia Raman y fotoluminiscencia. Finalmente, se propone una nueva metodología de preparación de híbridos de aplicación en clínica para un diagnóstico oportuno de cáncer.

Palabras clave: Puntos cuánticos; Anticuerpos; Antígenos; Cáncer; Nanopartículas; Polímeros.

 

Abstract

The current state of knowledge in the field of quantum dots and the perspective for QD applications for early cancer diagnostic are presented. Different methods of synthesize core-shell particles, their polymer encapsulation and the conjugation of QDs with biomolecules are discussed as well. Methods of optical study of QDs with and without conjugation to biomolecules are presented and discussed together with some experimental results of Raman Spectroscopy and photoluminicence studies in these QDs. Finally, it is proposed a methodology for the preparation of hybrids based on the quantum dots with cancer antibodies and the analysis of their optical properties for early cancer diagnostics.

Keywords: Quantum dots; Antibodies, Antigens; Cancer; Nanoparticles; Polymers.

 

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Agradecimientos

Se agradece el apoyo a través de los Proyectos SIP-IPN 20080351 y 20090301 y el proyecto 058358 del CONACYT. Agradecemos a SIP-IPN, la Dirección y a la SEPI- UPIITA por el apoyo al Laboratorio de Materiales.

 

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