Biotecnología

 

Growth of colonies and hyphal ultrastructure of filamentous fungi grown on dibutyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

 

Crecimiento de colonias y ultraestructura de hifas de hongos filamentosos cultivados en dibutil ftalato y di(2-etilhexil)ftalato

 

J.L. Suárez-Segundo², D. Vázquez-López², J.L. Torres-García², M. Ahuactzin-Perez², N. Montiel-Martínez³, S. Tlecuitl-Beristain⁴ and C. Sánchez¹*

 

¹ Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Centre for Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala C. P. 90120. * Corresponding author. E-mail: sanher6@hotmail.com.

² Licenciatura en Biología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México CP 90120.

³ Ing. en Agrotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Tlaxcala Región Poniente, Tlaxcala, México CP 90240.

⁴ Universidad Politécnica de Tlaxcala, San Pedro Xalcatzinco, Tepeyanco. Tlaxcala C. P. 90180.

 

Received July 23 2013
Acepted July 14 2013

 

Abstract

Phthalates are compounds that give fl exnbíüty to the plastics and are considered mutagens and teratogens. Mycelial growth rate, biomass production and hyphal diameter of the young and mature zones of colonies of Fusarium oxysporum, Mortierella alpina, Pleurotuspulmonarius, two strains of Pleurotus ostreatus (Po 37 and Po 83) and one strain of Pleurotus florida grown on glucose, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate were studied. F oxysporum had the highest mycelial growth rate on media containing DEHP (270 mm/d) than on medium added with glucose (90 mm/d). From all the fungi, P. florida produced the highest amount of biomass in medium containing; glucose (280 mg/cm²). F. oxcysporum and M. alpina produced the highest amount of biomass in media containing DEHP (200 and 82 mg/cm², respectively). This research suggests that some of these fungi (e.g. F. oxysporum and M. alpina) are able to use these compounds as sole carbon and energy sources, and that the hyphal diameter of some strains was affected by these phthalates. However, further studies need to becarried out on physiology of fungi, on the effect of phthalates in the hypha ultrastructure and on the degradation of phthalates to increase our current understanding of the fungal biodegradation of these compounds.

Keywords: biodegradation, dibutyl phthalate, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, filamentous fungi, mycelial growth.

 

Resumen

Los ftalatos son compuestos que proporcionan flexibilidad a los plásticos y son considerados muta ágenos y teratógenos. En este trabajo se estudiaron la velocidad de crecimiento radial, la producción de biomasa y el diámetro de la hifa de las zonas joven y madura de colonias de Fusarium oxysporum, Mortierella alpina, Pleurotus pulmonarius, dos cepas de Pleurotus ostreatus (Po 37 and Po 83) y una cepa de Pleurotus florida crecidos sobre di (2-etilhexil) ftalato (DEHF) y dibutil ftalato. F. oxysporum presentó mayor velocidad de crecimiento radial en medio conteniendo DEHF (270 mm/d) que en medio conteniendo glucosa (90 mm/d). De todos los hongos estudiados, P. florida produjo la mayor cantidad de biomasa en el medio de cultivo adicionado con glucosa (280 mg/cm²). F. oxysporum y M. alpina produjeron la mayor cantidad de biomasa en el medio conteniendo DEHF (200 y 82 mg/cm², respectivamente). Esta investigación sugiere que algunos de estos hongos (e.g. F. oxysporum y M. alpina) son capaces de utilizar estos compuestos como única fuente de carbono y energía, y que el diámetro de la hifa de estas cepas fue afectado por estos ftalatos. Sin embargo, es necesario llevar a cabo más estudios sobre la fisiología de estos hongos, sobre el efecto de estos compuestos en la ultraestructura de las hifas y sobre la degradación de ftalatos, para ampliar el conocimiento sobre la biodegradacioín de estos compuestos por hongos.

Palabras clave: biodegradación de ftalatos, crecimiento micelial, dibutil ftalato, di (2-etilhexil) ftalato, hongos filamentosos.

 

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