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Política y gobierno
versión impresa ISSN 1665-2037
Polít. gob vol.13 no.1 Ciudad de México ene./jun. 2006
Artículos
Una metodología formal para calcular el peso que los electores le dan a los elementos de evaluación ideológica
1 Profesor del Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México. México. Correo electrónico: epacheco@itesm.mx.
2 Profesor del Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México. México. Correo electrónico: carlos.vilalta@itesm.mx.
3 Profesor del Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México. México. Correo electrónico: mschetti@itesm.mx.
La teoría de la elección racional ha sido utilizada ampliamente en estudios electorales. Esta teoría sugiere que el votante tiende a elegir al partido que se encuentra ms cercano a su ideóloga. No obstante, existen pocos estudios sobre aquellos factores que son considerados en cada elección y cuál es su peso relativo en el cálculo del elector. Este artículo presenta un modelo novedoso en el área de los estudios electorales utilizando optimización matemática. En l se muestra que este modelo permite explicar de mejor manera los resultados de una elección, asignando, mediante el uso de una clara metodóloga, el peso a cada uno de los diversos elementos de evaluación en el cálculo intrínseco que hace un elector.
Palabras clave: ideología; elemento de evaluación; percepción; métodos de optimización; elección racional
Rational Choice Theory has been used extensively in electoral studies. This theory suggests that a voter chooses the political party that is closer to his or her ideology. However, there is scant empirical evidence on which issues are considered in a particular election and their relative weight on the voters calculations. This paper presents a new model for electoral studies using mathematical optimization. It is shown that this model allows for better explanations of electoral outcomes, assigning with a clear methodology the weight that each issue has used on voters choice.
Keywords: ideology; issues; perception; optimization methods; rational choice
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Recibido: Mayo de 2005; Aprobado: Septiembre de 2005
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
