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Agrociencia
versão On-line ISSN 2521-9766versão impressa ISSN 1405-3195
Agrociencia vol.40 no.2 Texcoco Mar./Abr. 2006
Natural Renewable Resources
Levels and patterns of chemical variation in leaf resins of the genus Abies from northern México
1Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Campus Morelia. Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro Núm. 8701. Colonia Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta. 58190. Morelia, Michoacán. (espinosa@ate.oikos.unam.mx)
Frequent interspecific hybridization of the genus Abies poses difficulties in its taxonomic classification causing broad morphological intraspecific variation. Thus, the proposals for classifying species of Abies are discordant. In this study the composition of the volatile fraction of leaf resins of 11 populations of four species of Abies of northern México (two A. concolor, three A. durangensis, two A. coahuilensis and four A. vejari) was analyzed by gas chromatography to explore the Phylogenetic relationships and levels of differentiation among Species and populations. The multivariate and phenetic analyses reveal little differentiation among species. Also, none of the results coincide with present taxonomic schemes. Broad variation was found among populations within the taxa (39.42%) and little among these (1.69%). This corroborates inconsistency in the definition of the species and varieties proposed for northern Mexico. These results suggest that the populations of Abies analyzed possibly form part of varieties that are undergoing a process of differentiation that originated from southern migrations of Abies concolor, or that these populations differentiated among themselves, but later genetic contact favored homogenization.
Key words: Abies coahuilensis; Abies concolor; Abies durangensis; Abies vejari; chemiotaxonomy; terpenoids
El género Abies se caracteriza por dificultades en su taxonomía, pues la hibridación interespecífica es frecuente y presenta alta variación morfológica intraespecífica. Así, las propuestas para clasificar a las especies de Abies son discordantes. En este estudio se analizó por cromatografía de gases la composición de la fracción volátil de las resinas foliares de 11 poblaciones de cuatro especies de Abies del norte de México (dos A. concolor, tres A. durangensis, dos A. coahuilensis y cuatro A. vejari), para explorar las relaciones filogenéticas y los niveles de diferenciación entre especies y poblaciones. Los análisis multivariados y fenéticos revelan poca diferenciación entre especies. Además, ningún resultado coincide con los esquemas taxonómicos actuales. Se encontró mucha variación entre poblaciones dentro de los taxa (39.42%) y poca entre éstos (1.69%), corroborándose la inconsistencia en la definición de las especies y variedades propuestas para el norte de México. Estos resultados sugieren que las poblaciones de Abies analizadas posiblemente forman parte de variedades en proceso de diferenciación que se originaron de las migraciones al sur de Abies concolor, o que dichas poblaciones se diferenciaron entre ellas, pero un contacto genético posterior favoreció su homogeneización.
Palabras clave: Abies coahuilensis; Abies concolor; Abies durangensis; Abies vejari; quimiotaxonomía; terpenoides
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Received: November 2004; Accepted: November 2005
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
