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Introduction
The following document is an enhanced, extended version of our previously known Instructions for Authors. It was elaborated to give you more detailed information about our journal foundations and our basic requirements for publication in Ciencias Marinas. This extended version first addresses general questions about our journal so you know where you are publishing. It then describes our journal policies, and it finally elaborates on submission and manuscript preparation guidelines. Modifications to this document will undoubtedly be made in the future as we undertake arising issues, but for now, we hope it serves your needs concerning Ciencias Marinas, or CM, as we will refer to our journal from now on except in headings.
I. About Ciencias Marinas
What is Ciencias Marinas
A bilingual open-access publication, CM is an international peer-reviewed journal that contains original research findings in all areas of marine science. It is published quarterly by the Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico, and all its contents are publicly available on our journal website. Though a limited number of copies are still printed, the journal is mainly distributed in its electronic format.
CM was launched in 1973 as part of an academic project that aimed at enticing local researchers to publicly disclose their findings by adopting the culture of peer-review publishing, and so the first issue was published in June 1974. Soon, the journal included papers from researchers in the United States and, eventually, other parts of the world. Because of the growing diversity in authorship, CM issues were initially published in either Spanish or English, and occasionally in both languages. It was not until 1984 when CM included both language versions of all its contents, becoming the fully bilingual journal it still is today. At CM we believe our inclusive format allows us not only to address a wider range of submissions from international authors but also to make published findings available to a wider international audience.
So whether you are looking for information on the redfish in Icelandic waters or the physical and biological properties of the Gulf of California, feel free to peruse all CM contents. You may find them to provide source material for your research.
Who reads Ciencias Marinas
CM is a multidisciplinary journal about research in different areas of marine science and is thus consulted by a broad international audience. CM readership extends to environmental consultants and federal and private agents, but it primarily encompasses members from the science community invested in the field of marine science.
Where to find Ciencias Marinas (indexing)
CM is an open-access journal. You may fully access journal contents directly through the journal website (www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx) or via the two following sources: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal (Redalyc). Please note that the latter two sources may not have our latest issues available. CM is also indexed or abstracted in
• Science Citation Index
Science Citation Index Expanded
SciELO Citation Index
Scopus
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Current Contents
Academic Search Complete
Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA)
Biological Abstracts
Environmental Abstracts
Marine Affairs Bibliography
Zoological Record
Sistema de Clasificación de Revistas Mexicanas de Ciencia y Tecnología del CONACYT
Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO México)
Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal (Redalyc)
Latindex
COMPLUDOC
Periódica (Índice de Revistas Latinoamericanas en Ciencias)
Who makes Ciencias Marinas
CM is a compilation made through the collective effort of
Authors: researchers from all over the world, credited as main contributors because they provide core contents.
Editor-in-chief: a renowned researcher responsible for selecting the journal contents and pursuing the goals of the journal.
Associate editors: active researchers from different parts of the world performing studies in different fields of marine science; they ensure content quality and manage the review process.
Reviewers: active researchers from different parts of the world, credited as essential contributors because they help guarantee the quality of the science being described.
In-house editors: full-time editors committed to ensuring publication quality by safeguarding language readability, accuracy, and consistency; they also polish the style, format, and looks of the journal.
What to publish in Ciencias Marinas
Publications in CM are primarily reports and notes on original research in all areas in the field of marine science, including but not limited to marine biochemistry, physical oceanography, fishery biology, marine ecology, conservation, genetics, and aquaculture. CM also features review articles and comments. Four categories of contributions are accepted for publication:
1. Research article
Research articles report findings of original research in an accurate, clear, and concise manner. Findings must provide new insights that contribute to the growth of scientific knowledge.
2. Research note
Research notes report scientific results that are of particular importance and merit prompt publication. They are not a means to publish preliminary results. Research notes must be founded on sufficient data to sustain reliable and significant results.
3. Review article
Review articles provide a comprehensive and novel assessment of an important region of the world or a particular discipline in marine science. Strict criteria apply to this contribution category regarding quality, importance, potential controversies, general interest, and relevance for future research. These papers are generally submitted by invitation from the editor-in-chief, but exceptions may apply over previous consultation with the Editor.
4. Comment (and reply)
Comments are founded remarks to a previously published paper and are published together with a reply from the author(s) of the original paper. Articles and research notes are open for written discussion for up to one year following their original publication.
What editors look for in a submission
For acceptance in CM your submissions must comply with our writing and ethical guidelines. Editors may request permissions or evidence of author adherence to the 3Rs principles for use of animals in research (see National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research [2019] and related reads in Biblioagraphy). They will also enforce use of respectful, unbiased, and professional language for reporting research. We strive to provide our readers with succinct, accurate, and intelligible information, so our writing standards follow general principles assumed to be understood by the scientific community. While our readers are familiar with highly technical language, they may be unfamiliar with the standards of a specific field of research. Authors, when drafting your manuscript, please keep in mind our broad scientific audience.
II. Journal policies
CM is a fully bilingual, international, peer-reviewed journal that contains original research findings in all areas of marine science. With the aim of bringing sound science to a broad international audience, we defer all submissions to a blind peer-review process and publish all accepted material in English and Spanish. We endorse editorial and ethical policies that support ethical research. Failure to comply with any of our policies may lead to the declination of a submission at any stage of the publication process. Read through this section to learn more about the pillars supporting our journal.
Focus and outreach
We aim to disseminate sound knowledge on marine life and its environment at an international level by publishing, via open access, original peer-reviewed papers on research in all disciplines in the field of marine science. Our goal extends to publishing authors from different parts of the world and to make their findings available to a wide community by publishing contents in two of the top spoken languages in the world, English and Spanish. We believe that by making these contents openly available in both languages, we will breach language barriers in the science community and enable research findings to reach a wider audience, thus contributing to human and scientific development.
Funding
CM is funded by the Autonomous University of Baja California (Mexico). The National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT, Mexico) occasionally provides funding through project grants.
Publication frequency
CM is published on a quarterly basis, at the end of March, June, September, and December. Special issues may be published upon request of recognized scientific institutions or organizations and after acceptance by the editorial board.
Open access
The articles published in CM are available to the public immediately upon publication, and they can be freely downloaded, stored, and distributed so long as proper credit is attributed. Though we will soon be implementing Creative Commons licenses, the CM team still holds copyrights over all journal contents. Nevertheless, authors retain proprietary rights other than copyright, and the right to use all or part of their articles in future works of their own (not including duplicate publication) so long as proper credit is given.
Writing style and format
For general reporting matters, our in-house writing style and format generally follow authoritative international standards such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International System of Units. Many of those standards are synthesized in the Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers (8th edition), which is the style guide published by the Council of Science Editors (CSE). This manual is our preferred style guide. Because CM is a bilingual journal, with contents issued in English and Spanish, our writing standards conform to individual language norms for matters concerning grammar and orthography. For English, we use standard American English and abide primarily by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the CSE style guide, and the Chicago Manual of Style (16th edition); for Spanish, we primarily abide by the dictionary and language standards published by the Real Academia Española. Please keep this in mind if you are considering CM as your publishing platform.
For acceptance in CM your submissions must comply with our writing and ethical guidelines. Editors may request permissions or evidence of author adherence to the 3Rs principles for use of animals in research (see National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research [2019] and related reads in Bibliography). They will also enforce use of respectful, unbiased, and professional language for reporting research. We strive to provide our readers with succinct, accurate, and intelligible information, so our writing standards follow general principles assumed to be understood by the scientific community. While our readers are familiar with highly technical language, they may be unfamiliar with the standards of a specific field of research. Authors, when drafting your manuscript, keep in mind our broad audience.
Submission policy
By submitting a manuscript to CM, you acknowledge and declare that you are submitting to a bilingual, international, open-access journal and that your manuscript
is of your authorship (if one author) or was equally elaborated by all authors (if more than one author) and that you have the full authority to submit it to CM
is drafted in English or Spanish
reports original, ethical research performed by you
has not been published in another journal, book, or any other form, except in the form of a conference abstract, a part of a lecture, or an academic thesis
is not under consideration for publication elsewhere
complies with CM standards
can be declined anytime during the editorial process if it fails to comply with CM standards and policies
will be submitted to a blind peer-review process
will not be automatically accepted for publication
may be screened for duplication at any time during the editorial process
if accepted, has every author’s approval for publication in CM
if accepted for publication, needs to be translated to either English or Spanish, depending on the language of submission, and that the translation will be provided by either you or, if you accept to pay the corresponding fees, by our in-house translator*
if accepted for publication, will be edited along with all its components (e.g., figures, tables, appendices, supplementary material) by our in-house editors to ensure adherence to CM writing, reporting, and presentation guidelines
if accepted, will be published and, together with the corresponding translation, will be freely available in its final published form to the general public under our open-access policies.
While we do promote inclusion and ensure that all manuscripts are processed fairly and equally, CM editors reserve the right to decline any submission that does not meet our guidelines or policies.
*Upon author request.
Publication ethics
At CM we support research integrity and discourage unethical practices and research misconduct by editors, reviewers, and authors. All contributions must be original papers. Plagiarism, duplicate publication, redundant publication, falsification and fabrication, and inappropriate figure manipulation are strongly discouraged. If such unaccepted malpractices are suspected in a submission at any stage of the editorial process or after publication, we will take actions necessary and even decline the submission or retract already-published material. When you submit a paper to CM, you are expected to abide by standard publication ethics.
For more information on publication ethics and research integrity, you may consult the Committee on Publication Ethics (also known as COPE) and the CSE’s White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications.
Originality
Originality means that the submission has not been published elsewhere except in the form of an abstract or as part of a lecture or an academic thesis. Submitting uncredited material that is not your own is unaccepted. We briefly describe plagiarism and self-plagiarism, but more detailed information can be found in the CSE's White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications and the COPE website.
Plagiarism is the act of taking and using someone else’s work, be it wording, figure, table, data, or other materialized idea, without authorization and without granting rightful attribution. Self-plagiarism (also duplicate publication) is the act of republishing material without acknowledgment of the original source. Any form of plagiarism is inadmissible for CM publications. All manuscripts accepted for publication will be screened for duplicity before publication. Manuscripts found to contain plagiarized material may be declined at any stage during the publication process, even after acceptance. If plagiarism is detected after publication, the published paper will be retracted. In any case involving plagiarized material, it is our ethical obligation to notify the author’s institution and any other party being compromised. As of 2019, all CM papers will carry a seal guaranteeing the manuscript was screened for duplicity.
Falsification and fabrication
Falsification and fabrication are forms of research misconduct that will not be tolerated in any way. Detection of such misconduct will be notified to the corresponding authorities, and the manuscript can be rejected or, if already published, retracted.
Animal welfare
We advocate for zero unnecessary use of animals in research and for ethical use in studies where the advancement of science calls for the use of animals. Editors may request permissions or evidence of author adherence to the 3Rs principles for use of animals in research. For more on the 3Rs principles, we refer you to the following reads: National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (2019) and the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (2015).
Competing interests
Authors are asked to send a statement clearing any potential conflict of interest regarding their manuscript. Potential conflicts of interest must be resolved before publication. You must let the editor know of any competing interest (e.g., financial support that may have influenced your research, potential reviewers that could be involved in any way in your research). The editor may contact you and any conflicting or influential party to resolve any interest dispute. If you have no competing interests to declare, you must state this in your manuscript. Declarations of competing interests may be published in the corresponding paper.
Authorship
Authors are the individuals who created the reported work and are publicly accountable for it. By created we mean designing and conducting the study and/or interpreting the results. Individuals warrant authorship when they have made a substantial intellectual contribution to the study and the manuscript. Give authorship to those who have the merit and as they merit.
Avoid granting authorship to individuals who did not make a considerable input to the paper. Guest authorship (attributing authorship to an individual who does not merit the title) and ghost authorship (not crediting as author an individual who merits the title) are unethical practices that are strongly discouraged. Editing a figure does not merit authorship. You may credit individuals who made some contribution (e.g., data collecting, text or figure editing, providing study material, etc.), but not so much as to warrant authorship, in the acknowledgments section. For more on authorship, see the CSE’s White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications.
The contribution made by each person credited as author must be stated in a letter. The order in which the authors are listed in the original submission should remain unchanged. Any change in this order must be done under a formal written request to the editor-in-chief. This request must explain the reasons for the change and must be signed by all contributing authors.
Peer review
All manuscripts submitted for consideration in CM undergo a blind peer-review process. The peer-review process is designed to ensure all published material is grounded on sound original science. It should enrich scientific discussion with positive feedback. CM encourages and enforces positive, impartial, and respectful feedback from reviewers to authors and from authors to reviewers.
Briefly, all submissions are sent out for blind review by one of our associate editors or directly by the editor, depending on the subject area of the reported research. After at least two external peers have returned the manuscript with reviews, the associate editor will analyze the reviews and send a recommendation to the editor. All final decisions are made by the editor-in-chief.
Fees
Publication fees:
As of January 2017, we do not charge publication fees.
Translation fees:
$15.0 USD per double-spaced Word page in CM format.
Other fees:
$15.0 USD per double-spaced Word page in CM format for editing of poor translations.
$7.0 USD per galley page that needs to be restructured because of changes to the galley.
III. Manuscript submission
Submission of a manuscript implies that the work being described has not been previously published (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration elsewhere, that its publication has been approved by all authors and authorities involved in the work, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form without proper attribution. At CM, all published manuscripts undergo two key subprocesses, one for peer review and one for production, so in the best of outcomes, you should expect to make two separate submissions. Read through this section to learn more about the general submission process and the stages leading to publication. For details on manuscript preparations, see section IV. Make sure your manuscript conforms to our journal policies and manuscript preparation guidelines before you begin the submission process.
General submission process
The overall process for publishing with CM can be summarized in five steps:
1. Sign in to your CM user account on our website. If you do not have one, you can create one free of charge.
2. Submit your manuscript file in a portable document format (PDF) for the initial review process (see guidelines for initial submission).
3. Review editor feedback and editorial decision.
4. Submit the Microsoft Word file of the final accepted version of your manuscript for the editorial production process (see guidelines for final submission).
5. Review and return the revised preliminary proof and the galley of your manuscript for publication.
Before you make a submission, be sure to read through the manuscript preparation guidelines. Manuscripts may be declined for publication before or after the review process if they fail to fit the scope of the journal, lack originality, show flaws in methodology, lack coherence, fail to abide by our ethical policies, and/or fail to meet any other journal guideline.
In the subsections that follow, you will find a brief description of what to do and what to expect in the initial and final submission stages. You may find the manuscript preparation guidelines in section IV. If you are considering starting a submission, please read about the initial submission process and the mansucript preparation guidelines. If your manuscript is accepted for publication, please follow the guidelines for final submission.
You will be appointed deadlines for each task in the general process. Failure to meet the deadlines could lead to publication delays or even submission declination. Meet the deadlines to avoid starting a new submission.
Initial submission
Log in to your user account. If you do not already have one, you can create one free of charge.
In your user homepage, follow the five easy steps in Start a New Submission. Before submitting, review the manuscript preparation guidelines. Submit your manuscript in English or Spanish in a single PDF file. This file should include figures and tables at the end, if any. Please do not insert tables and figures in the running text. Also, attach a file containing the names and corresponding information (institution, address, phone number, and e-mail) of up to five potential reviewers. These reviewers should not be associated to the author’s institution and at least two of these five individuals must belong to an institution in a country different from that of the author’s institution. On a separate file include a statement describing the contribution made by every author. State any competing interest on a separate letter, and if none exists please state it so on the title page of your manuscript.
Your manuscript will be assigned to an associate editor, who will handle the review process.
Please note that all manuscripts that do not meet our guidelines will not be processed for peer review.
Review process
All manuscripts submitted as research articles, research notes, and review articles undergo a blind peer-review process. During this process, the editor in chief will appoint a section editor to manage and safeguard the entire review process, and this editor will send your manuscript to at least two researchers from a related field to review your work. Feedback during this process is highly valuable. In the event your manuscript is accepted with revisions, make the revisions as appropriate and upload your revised file and a cover letter with a response to the reviewer comments. Be sure to reply to all reviewer comments. If the reviewers or the associate editor deem it necessary, a new review round may follow. The associate editor will give his/her recommendation to the editor after all the reviews have been turned in and at least two reviewers have concluded the same judgment.
Editorial decision
Once the review process has been completed, the editor in chief will take into account the recommendations by the associate editor and the reviewers and make a final decision. You will then be notified of the Editor’s decision whether your submission has been accepted, provisionally accepted, or declined:
Accepted: Your manuscript has been accepted as is. You can immediately send your final submission.
Provisionally accepted: Your manuscript has been tentatively accepted. Make the appropriate revisions by or before the deadline and upload your revised file. When the Editor determines your manuscript is ready for final publishing preparations, you may proceed to send your final submission.
Declined: Your manuscript might not fit the journal’s scope or contents, might not comply with the journal’s guidelines, or might not provide substantial evidence to support your findings. You are welcome to start a new submission after attending these matters.
If your manuscript is accepted for publication, make the final preparations by following the Manuscript preparation for final submission guidelines. Remember to meet the deadlines to avoid delaying your publication or having to start a new submission process.
Final submission
The final submission prompts the onset of production for publication. Manuscripts at this stage are processed for stylistic and linguistic matters. Once your manuscript has been accepted, send the Microsoft Word file of the accepted version of your manuscript and the corresponding translation*. If your manuscript contains any figures, you should send the editable files separately.
Upload the final accepted version of your manuscript to the appropriate section in your dashboard on the journal platform.
*At CM, we can translate to English or Spanish manuscripts that have been accepted for publication in CM at the author’s expense (see translation fees). You can send your own translation or request for our translation service. Please indicate your decision upon final submission. If you will be translating your manuscript, you will be given a week to send the translation, and translation must reflect the exact content in the final accepted version. Fees apply for editing of poor translations.
Proofs
You will receive a preliminary proof and the galley of your manuscript for corrections before publication. Review and return each proof with your comments. For the galley, corrections to the text other than typesetting errors must be kept at a minimum level. Major changes here will be done at the author’s expense. Proofs should be returned timely via our journal platform or by e-mail.
Publication
You will receive a copyright form, which you must sign and return. Once we receive your galley reviews and the signed copyright form, your manuscript will be ready for publication, provided no unacceptable changes to the galley are requested.
Publications will appear in the printed and electronic versions of the journal. The printed form is reserved for university subscriptions and indexing institutions. The electronic version will be available on our website. You can freely download the electronic version of your paper, and any other article published in CM, directly from our website.
IV. Manuscript preparation
For all submissions, use clear, concise, and consistent language. You may submit your manuscript in English or Spanish in most cases. The title, abstract, and keywords must be sent in English and Spanish for the final submission even if you requested our translation service. We only accept English for review articles. In general, use double-spaced pages (11.0 × 8.5 inches) and Times New Roman type (12-point font). Number each page of the manuscript consecutively. Include number lines throughout your manuscript, starting from the title page. See specifications for each submission type in the Manuscript preparation for initial submission section, which follows this section, and in the Manuscript preparation for final submission section.
In general, your manuscript should include, in the following order, the title page, abstract and key words, main body of the text, list of references, and, if applicable, the list of figure captions followed by the list of tables and the corresponding figures. A main entry for conclusions is strongly discouraged. You may, however, add your conclusion in the last paragraph of the discussion. Systematic lists will not be accepted for publication.
*The title, abstract, and key words must be sent in English and Spanish even if you request for our translation service. We only accept English for review articles.
Manuscript preparation for initial submission
For the initial submission stage, submit the PDF file of your manuscript. File size must be less than 2 MB. Depending on the type of submission, make sure you follow the manuscript presentation guidelines accordingly before you send your file.
Type of submission
1. Research articles: Maximum 25 pages, including title page, body of manuscript, cited literature, list of figure captions, tables, and figures. Longer articles will be published on rare occasions and at the editor’s criteria. Submit in English or Spanish.
2. Research notes: Maximum 10 pages. Submit in English or Spanish.
3. Review articles: Maximum 30 pages. Submit in English only.
4. Comments (and reply): Maximum 5 pages. Abstract and keywords are not necessary. The author of the original paper will be given the opportunity to present a reply. The comments and reply will then be published together. Papers are open for written discussion for up to one year following their original publication. Submit in English or Spanish.
Style and format
For general science and writing presentation matters, our style and format follow international standards, most of which are found in the CSE style and format manual (Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers; 8th edition) and the Chicago Manual of Style. The former guide is our primary choice. Our writing standards conform to the proper language norms (English/Spanish) for matters concerning grammar and orthography. For English, use standard American English and refer to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the CSE style guide, and the Chicago Manual of Style (16th edition); for Spanish, we refer you to the dictionary and language standards published by the Real Academia Española.
Manuscript presentation
In general, all submission types except for comments and replies should include the entries listed below. Comments and replies should contain the title page and sound remarks on the appointed publication.
If your manuscript complies with the entries and standards mentioned below, then it is ready for submission:
•Title page
The information in this section is what search engines use as basis to get the word out about your work. The title page should include the following elements:
•Title
Extensive titles are discouraged. The title succinctly says all about your paper. It should concisely and explicitly describe the contents of your work. Indexes and other search engines use the words in the title when searching for contents, so be sure to choose your words wisely.
The title, at the top of the page, is not underlined and should not include references or geographic coordinates. If a species name is included, do not include the attribution here; however, the corresponding class, order, family, etc., may be given in parentheses.
Use sentence style capitalization: capitalize only the first letter of the title and proper nouns (if any). Please note that if your manuscript is accepted for publication, you will be asked to provide the translation of your manuscript title.
•Author name(s)
Use the exact spelling of your name as in all your publications. Mention the given name(s) first and then the surname(s). Place an asterisk next to the name of the corresponding author.
For author names with more than one surname, use a hyphen between surnames. Avoid using a period when abbreviating a middle name. Separate author names by a comma and do not use and before the last author. Place superscript numbers next to the author names to indicate the corresponding affiliation; superscript numbers must appear in ascending numerical order from left to right upon first mention. Consider the following examples:
YES
James Smith1, María López-Ruíz2, Sarah Parks3
James Smith1, María López-Ruíz1, Sarah Parks2
James Smith1, María López-Ruíz1, 2, Sarah Parks3
James Smith1, María López-Ruíz2, 3, Sarah Parks2
NO
James Smith2, María López-Ruíz1, and Sarah Parks3
James Smith1, María López-Ruíz3, Sarah Parks2
Indicate who the corresponding author is by adding an asterisk next to the name of that author. If applicable, the asterisk (not in superscript font) should follow the superscript number. Examples:
Carmen Sánchez*, Manuel Acosta
James Smith1*, María López-Ruíz2
Note: the number is a superscript but the asterisk is not.
•Author affiliation
The author’s affiliation is the institution where the primary research was conducted. Include the affiliation of every author and the corresponding mailing address. Complete affiliation information includes the following: department name, institution name, street address, city or town, state or other regional unit, postal code, and country (no abbreviations). You should also include the corresponding ORCID identifier for every author here.
List affiliations in ascending numerical order using the corresponding superscript number (as designated next to the author names) before each affiliation. Do not use superscript numbers when the affiliation is the same for all authors.
CM publishes authors from around the world, so it’s highly advisable to consider the following points when providing affiliation information:
•Affiliation located in more than one country: include only the postal address where you are located.
•Abbreviated forms of institution names: discouraged since the abbreviated form may vary in meaning or may not be recognized as metadata or by search engines. The full name of the institution is preferred.
•Translation of affiliation name: discouraged unless the institution officially acknowledges a translation of its name (e.g., University of Olso and Universitetet i Olso are both displayed on the university’s official website); in such cases, the English version should be used. The unofficial English translation of institution names not using Latin may be provided between brackets following the official name of the institution.
•Corresponding author
All correspondence will be dealt with with the designated corresponding author. Provide the contact information (including e-mail) for this person.
•Running title
The running title is even shorter than the title and must be no more than 10 words long.
• Abstract and keywords
The abstract briefly describes your entire work. Readers may determine from here whether they will read your paper or move on to another one. Typical abstracts include an introductory sentence, a general explanation of the most prominent methods, the overall findings, and a concluding sentence. The information here also gets the word out about your work, so be sure to choose your words wisely.
The maximum number of words is 300 for the abstract and 5 for keywords. Please note that if your manuscript is accepted for publication, you will be asked to provide the translation of the abstract and keywords even if you request that translation be done by us.
•Body text
The main body of the text should include the sections below in the order that they are listed. We do not accept a separate entry for conclusions. We also do not accept merging results and discussion into a single section. Make sure you include all the material you have cited (e.g., references, tables, figures).
Sections in a manuscript
•Introduction
Keep the introduction short. Briefly mention what has been done, what your study is about, why you performed your study (e.g., objectives, hypothesis), etc.
•Materials and Methods
Be precise but concise. Mention what you used to perform your study and how you did it.
•Results
Mention only your results in this section. Do not discuss your results here. In running text, avoid describing information that has already been expressed in display elements (figures, tables).
•Discussion
Discuss your results: applications, implications, relevance, and/or comparison with other studies.
You can include a general conclusion of your work in a paragraph at the end of this section, but not a separate entry for conclusions.
•Acknowledgments
This section is meant to credit all those who funded the research or who made some contribution to the paper but did not meet the standards for authorship (e.g., proofreading, statistics, field work assistance, etc.).
Mention all funding sources first, permission notices next, and all other credits last. The funding source is usually followed by the grant number in parentheses, and the full name of the project need not be mentioned.
•References
References acknowledge the published works of others.
Reviewers or readers may gather an idea of the baselines of your research from your list of references. Those interested in finding a work from your list will need accurate information. Be sure to include the precise references to all your citations and to cite all the references you listed in your manuscript. Incorrectly referenced material may be taken for plagiarism. The accuracy of references is the responsibility of the author. Unpublished material should not be used in references.
How to reference
For general cases use English. List your references in alphabetical order using hanging indentation. For references with more than 10 authors, mention the first 10 author names and replace the remaining names by “et al.” Separate author names by a comma. Mention the surname first and then the initial(s) of the given name(s) with no period. Where possible, please include, within square brackets, the English translation of non-English titles immediately after the original title. If a publication includes the English translation of its title (e.g., papers published in CM), include both tiles separated by an equal sign. In the case of references with authors who use two surnames, include both surnames separated by a hyphen to distinguish them from the first name. If applicable include the digital object identifier (DOI) in the reference as a URL:
YES
https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v44i4.2861
NO
10.7773/cm.v44i4.2861
Our format for references generally follows the Harvard style, stipulating some house style preferences. For a general idea on our style for references, please refer to the CSE manual of style and format, and to the following examples:
Journal paper:
Teagle H, Hawkins SJ, Moore PJ, Smale DA. 2017. The role of kelp species as biogenic habitat formers in coastal marine ecosystems. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 492: 81-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2017.01.017
Book:
MacGinitie GE, MacGinitie N. 1968. Natural History of Marine Animals. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill; 523 pp.
Book chapter:
Rice ME. 1980. Sipuncula and Echiura. In: Morris RH, Abbott DP, Haderlie EC (eds.), Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford (CA): Stanford University Press; p. 490-498.
Published work with translation of title:
Sánchez Marín P, Besada V, Beiras R. 2018. Use of whole mussels and mussel gills in metal pollution biomonitoring = Uso del mejillón entero y de sus branquias en el biomonitoreo de la contaminación por metales. Cienc. Mar. 44(4): 279-294. https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v44i4.2861
Published work with non-English title:
Okolodkov YB. 2010. Biogeografía Marina [Marine Biogeography]. Campeche (Mexico): Universidad Autónoma de Campeche; 217 pp.
Published work with organization as author:
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1990. Official Methods of Analyses. 15th ed. Helrich K (ed.). Arlington (VA): AOAC; 1033 pp.
Conference proceedings:
González-Vázquez JA, Hernández-Vivar E, Jacobo-Villa MA. 2018. Análisis de circulación en estuarios. In: Lecertúa E, Lopardo MC, Menéndez A, Spalletti P (eds.), XXVIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Hidráulica: Trabajos Completos; 2018 September 18-21, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Argentina; p. 2281-2293.
Technical or status report:
[IATTC] Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission. 2016. Tunas, billfishes and other pelagic species in the Eastern Pacific Ocean in 2015 = Los atunes, peces picudos y otros peces pelágicos en el océano Pacifico Oriental en 2015. La Jolla (CA): IATTC; Fishery Satus Report, no. 14.
Legal matter:
[DOF] Diario Oficial de la Federación. 2002 Mar 6. Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-ECOL-2001, Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo. Mexico City: Secretaría de Gobernación.
[Note: publication date in a legal matter reference is the full date the document was published.]
Internet material:
[EMA] European Medicines Agency. 2014. Prialt ziconotide. Epar summary for the public. London (UK): EMA; [accessed 2018 Jul 16]. http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR__Summary_for_the_public/human/000551/WC500041924.pdf
How to cite
You should cite every reference you list in your manuscript. In general, mention the surname(s) and the year of publication. Make sure the surname(s) and year of publication match the corresponding reference. For references with more than two authors, mention only the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” and the year. You may use in-text citations and parenthetical citations, the latter being the preferred form. If you are using multiple citations at a given point, arrange the series of citations in chronological order from oldest to newest and separate each citation by a comma; use a semicolon if the series includes references from the same author, which should be separated by a comma. Please refer to the following examples:
In-text citation:
The analysis follows the procedure described in
Smith (2015)...
The procedure described in Smith et al. (2017)…
Parenthetical citations:
(Smith 2008)
(Smith 2008a, b)
(Morales and Pérez 2010)
(Morales et al. 2010)
(Morales et al. 2009, Willis 2010, Reynolds 2015)
(Morales 2008; Morales et al. 2009a, 2011; Reynolds 2015)
•Tables and figures
The purpose of using display elements (figures and tables) is to clearly convey information without the use of lengthy explanations. Display elements should be self-explanatory; that is, the reader must be able to interpret their contents without having to refer to the main text. All text contained in these elements must be displayed only in English. It is the author's responsibility to obtain the permissions needed to reproduce copyrighted material from the publisher.
Figures or tables may be declined for publication anytime during the editorial process if failure to conform to our journal standards. A maximum of 8 display elements is allowed. Number your display elements with Arabic numerals. When citing figures or tables, preferably in parenthetical form, capitalize the first letter (e.g., “Figure 1”, “Fig. 1”, or “Table 1”). Use the abbreviated form for figure citations in parenthetical form (e.g. “Fig. 1”). Cite figures and tables in ascending numerical order upon first mention; that is, do not cite Figure 2 if you have not yet cited Figure 1.
Insert figure captions, tables, and figures after the references in the following order:
•Figure captions
Figure captions should concisely describe the figures. If your manuscript contains figures, list the corresponding captions in the correct consecutive order on a separate page after the references. If your manuscript is accepted for publication and you will be the one providing the respective translation, you will be asked to send the translation of the figure captions.
The figure and the caption together convey a complete idea without the reader having to refer to the main text for interpretation. You should then treat abbreviations in the caption as if they were mentioned for the first time. All abbreviations or symbols used in a figure should be described in a key legend or in the caption, even if they were already defined in the text. When the figure caption is similar to another, type out the entire caption rather than typing “Same as Figure X.” For example:
YES
Figure 1. Seasonal climatology for temperature.
Figure 2. Seasonal climatology for salinity.
Figure 3. Seasonal climatology for chlorophyll.
NO
Figure 1. Seasonal climatology for temperature.
Figure 2. Same as Figure 1 for salinity.
Figure 3. Same as Figure 1 for chlorophyll.
•Tables
Tables should be self-explanatory, independent of the main text. Present each table with a succinct title. You may define abbreviations in the title. Table titles are published in English and Spanish. If your manuscript is accepted for publication and you will be the one providing the corresponding translation, you will be asked to send the translation for the table titles.
Please
•Use only English for text inside the tables
•List tables after the page containing the list of figure captions
•Number tables consecutively using Arabic numerals, and cite them as such in the main text upon first mention (do not cite Table 2 if you have not cited Table 1).
•Make sure you cited all the tables you presented and that you send all the tables you have cited.
•Figures
Figures include maps, graphs, charts, photographs, and other artwork. Together the figure and the corresponding caption should be self-explanatory, allowing proper interpretation standing alone. Every element (line, circle, color, number, text, and other objects) included in a figure should serve a purpose and its meaning should be well understood without any reference to the main text. Avoid unnecessary elements such as decorative matter and gridlines. Include the appropriate labels and place units in parentheses. Treat labels and abbreviations in every figure as if they were mentioned for the first time; define them in the caption or in a key legend.
Please
•Use only English for descriptive text within the figure.
•Place figures after the tables.
•Number figures consecutively using Arabic numerals and cite them as such upon first mention (do not cite Figure 2 if you have not cited Figure 1)
•Make sure you cited all the figures you presented and that you send all the figures you have cited.
Color figures are discouraged unless absolutely necessary. The editor-in-chief will ultimately determine if a color figure is accepted for publication. Caution is advised for use of colors. When using colors to contrast different results, please, take readers with color-vision impairment into consideration. Free color-impairment simulators like ColorOracle will allow you to test if the colors you are using can be distinguished by people with color vision impairment. If your manuscript is accepted and it includes color figures that convey contrast, our in-house editors may suggest using different colors when, after examining your figure, they determine that the original colors cannot be easily contrasted by everyone.
You are responsible for obtaining all permissions required for publishing the figures in your manuscript, especially if you do not hold the rights to them.
If your manuscript is accepted for publication, you will be asked to send the digital editable format of your figures. Please see the Manuscript preparation for final submission guidelines for more specific details on this.
•Supplementary material
Supplemental content is occasionally accepted for publication. If applicable, place supplementary material after the figures, and label as Figure S1 or Table S1 as appropriate. Like the main tables and figures, this material should be listed in ascending numerical order, tables first. Citation in running text should also follow this order upon first mention.
Manuscript preparation for final submission
If you made the final submission stage, congratulations! Your manuscript will be published shortly after, but first you must prepare your files for the final submission. Once your manuscript is accepted for publication, please send the final accepted version and the corresponding translation in separate Microsoft Word files. Do not send both versions in a single file. Remember to include the translation of table titles, figure captions, and, if applicable, the titles and captions of supplementary material. If you request that the translation be done by our in-house translator, you still need to provide the translated version of the main title, abstract, and keywords.
Send your figures files separately. Name your figure files using your manuscript number and the appropriate figure number. Figure files must be sent in digital editable format. By editable, we mean that all figure elements (objects, lines, legends, letters, numbers, etc.) should be independent to be modified separately as required. To obtain editable files, we suggest saving or exporting figure files from the source program in the following formats:
Windows Metafile (.wmf), Corel Draw (.cdr), Adobe Illustrator (.ai), Portable Document Format (.pdf), Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg), Microsoft Excel worksheet (.xlm), and Encapsulated PostScript (.eps).
For photographs, we accept the following formats:
Joint Photographic Experts Group (.jpeg), Tagged Image File Format (.tiff), or Portable Network Graphics (.png).
We also suggest using a 300-dpi or higher resolution. Do not include any legends or symbols (e.g., scale-bars, arrows or letters, and numbers) in the photograph file you send separately. We will use the original image in your manuscript as reference.
