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Estudios políticos (México)
Print version ISSN 0185-1616
Estud. polít. (Méx.) n.16 Ciudad de México Jan./Apr. 2009
https://doi.org/10.22201/fcpys.24484903e.2009.0.18777
Teoría
El realismo y el neorrealismo estructural
*M.B.A; Ph.D. Profesor Investigador, miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores. Imparte clases en el Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Guzmán, Jal
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los enfoques teóricos metodólogicos del realismo y el neorrealismo. Se parte del supuesto de que la teoría realista ayuda a solucionar las fragilidades y los peligros sociales en el contexto de una ideología conservadora y de una teoría elitista de la democracia. El acercamiento realista compite con el neorrealismo o realismo estructural y la teoría institucionalista. Las concepciones neorrealistas e institucionalistas de las instituciones, consideran que éstas son necesidades funcionales para generar orden. Sin embargo, ni la teoría neorrealista ni tampoco las institucionalistas tratan adecuadamente las variaciones de tiempo y espacio.
Palabras clave: Instituciones; neorrealismo; realismo; institucionalismo; enfoques teóricos
The aim of this paper is to analyze the theoretical methodological approaches of realism and neorealism or structural realism. It departs from the assumption that the realist theory helps to solve the social fragilities and challenges in the context of a conservative ideology and from an elitist theory of democracy. The realist approach competes with the neorealist or structural realism and the institutionalist theory. Neorealism and institutionalism conceptions of institutions consider that these are functional needs to generate order. However, neither the realist theory nor the institutionalism treat properly the variations of time and space.
Key words: Institutions; neorealism; realism; institucionalism; theorical approache
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