An introduction to the brane world

A. Pérez–Lorenzana

Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Apartado Postal 14–740, 07000, México, D.F., México

Recibido el 18 de julio de 2005
Aceptado el 14 de marzo de 2005

Abstract

The study of the so called brane world models has introduced completely new ways of looking at standard problems in many areas of theoretical physics. Inspired in the recent developments of string theory, the Brane World picture involves the introduction of new extra dimensions beyond the four we see, which could either be compact or even open (infinite). The sole existence of those new dimensions may have non–trivial observable effects in short distance gravity experiments, as well as in our understanding of the cosmology of the early Universe, among many other issues. The goal of the present notes is to provide a short introduction to Brane World models, to their motivations and consequences. We cover some of their basic aspects. The discussion includes models with flat compact extra dimensions, as well as the so–called Randall–Sundrum models.

Keywords: Brane world; extra dimensions; Randall–Sundrum models.

Resumen

En años recientes, el avance en el estudio de los llamados Mundos Brana ha provisto de nuevas formas de mirar viejos problemas de la física teórica. Los modelos de mundo brana se inspiran en desarrollos recientes de la teoría de cuerdas (la teoría de branas), y suponen la existencia de nuevas dimensiones espaciales más allá de las cuatro que vemos cotidianamente, las cuales pueden ser tanto compactas como infinitas. La existencia de dimensiones extras podría ser identificable en el comportamiento de la interacción gravitacional a pequeñas distancias. Su presencia puede, además, impactar de manera importante nuestra actual comprensión del Universo temprano y su cosmología, entre otras cosas. A lo largo de las presentes notas, cuyo interés es servir como una introducción breve al estudio de los mundos brana, revisamos algunos aspectos de estos modelos. Se discuten tanto los modelos con dimensiones extra planas y compactas, como los llamados modelos de Randall– Sundrum.

Descriptores: Mundos Brana; dimensiones extra; cosmología.

PACS: 04.50.+h;98.80.–k; 11.10.Kk

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