Introduction:

Since December 2019, when respiratory coronavirus type 2 and acute respiratory failure syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus type 2 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]), developed in Wuhan, China, it has become a global pandemic, with 105,333,798 cases reported on February 4, 2021. On February 27, 2020, Mexico City reported the first case of COVID-19, followed by a massive growth of infections across the country. The total number of cases today is 1,886,245 with 81,223 estimated active cases. 18.77% of patients have required hospitalization. The total number of deaths is 164,290 with an estimated 184,125. AKI was found in 28% of hospitalized patients and 46% of critically ill patients, contributing to significantly higher mortality. Identification of risk factors is important to guide early decision making in triaging patients for more intensive monitoring and prevent increased mortality.

Objective:

To analyze the level of PEEP and inflammatory factors involved in the development of AKI and onset of RRT in patients with COVID-19.

Material and methods:

An observational, cross-sectional and retrolective study was performed in mechanically ventilated patients with SARS-CoV-2 who presented AKI and need for RRT admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit of the ABC Medical Center. Statistical analysis of measures of central tendency, descriptive; for the identification of the variable with the greatest impact for the development of AKI and dialytic therapy, a positive predictive factor was performed, Pearson test to correlate with renal replacement therapy. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the ABC Medical Center, Mexico City (Number: ABC TAEABC-22-117).

Results:

A total of 210 mechanically ventilated patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit of the ABC Medical Center were analyzed, of whom 51 patients (24.17%) developed AKI and 21 patients required RRT. An ROC curve was performed to predict the factor with the highest risk of developing AKI, finding significant differences in IL-6 with an area under the ROC curve of 0.909 (CI: 0.86-0.95). Statistical significance was found in AKI with PEEP above 13cmH2O and renal replacement therapy with PEEP > 15cmH2O.

Conclusion:

A correlation was found between high PEEP levels and acute kidney injury. Inflammatory markers at patient admission (specifically IL-6) are adequate parameters to guide treatment; however, they are also useful to guide prognosis.

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