Introduction:

Acute kidney injury is found in 40% of patients with sepsis (S-AKI), since inflammation is one of the pathophysiological causes of acute kidney injury. During the pandemic, the main cause of sepsis in the ICU was secondary to COVID-19, in which an incidence of kidney injury of 36 to 75% has been reported. The pathophysiology of this complication is not yet known, but mechanisms similar to typical septic kidney injury have been demonstrated. The neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet ratio (RNLP) has previously been associated with the presence of acute kidney injury in other settings (cardiac surgery and major abdominal surgery) and in patients with sepsis secondary to COVID-19 it may be a marker that identifies the patients at risk of presenting this complication.

Objective:

To determine if the ratio of neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets is a predictor of acute kidney injury in sepsis secondary to COVID-19 in the adult ICU.

Material and methods:

Prospective, single-center cohort study. In patients over 18 years of age who are admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of sepsis due to COVID-19, the RNLP will be calculated from day 1 to day 7, it is divided into 2 groups: RNLP greater than 3 and RNLP equal or less than 3, observing the presence or not of acute kidney injury during their stay, and after the outcome, for the main objective a χ2 test is performed, and a multivariate logistic regression test is performed to assess the Association of the different variables with the outcome (OR with 95% CI).

Results:

A population of 119 patients was studied, there was an incidence of S-AKI of 53.8% (95% CI 44-62%) in patients with sepsis secondary to COIVD-19, the majority being KDIGO I (53.2%). In the RNLP group greater than 3 I had a 68.4% incidence of S-AKI compared to the RNLP group less than or equal to 3 with 28% (p = 0.001, OR 4.255 95% CI 1.72-10.16), the patients with RNLP greater than 3 had a longer stay in the ICU (12 vs 10 days, p = 0.018), and a longer time of mechanical ventilation (11 vs 8 days, p = 0.003).

Conclusion:

The increase in the neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet ratio is a risk factor and can be a prognostic for the presence of acute kidney injury in sepsis due to COVID-19 in the ICU.

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