Resumen

CONSEJO NACIONAL DE EVALUACION DE LA POLITICA DE DESARROLLO SOCIAL. Medición multidimensional de la pobreza en México. El trimestre econ [online]. 2014, vol.81, n.321, pp.5-42. ISSN 2448-718X.

This paper presents the theoretical and operational criteria followed by El Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (The National Council for Evaluation of the Social Development Policy, Coneval) to define the methodology for measuring multidimensional poverty. The multidimensional methodology was launched in 2009 and establishes the way in which poverty is officially identified and measured in Mexico. The methodology is illustrated with data for 2010 and 2012. This form of measurement has three characteristics that make it different from other methods. First, this approach uses a multidimensional method based on universal social rights. Second, unlike other theoretical-methodological paradigms for multidimensional poverty measurement that combine all dimensions into a single index, the identification of people in poverty, under this perspective, uses a bivariate Euclidian space measure. Income is evaluated on the first space, while a number of social deprivations are quantified on the second space. Third, the methodology classifies the population into different groups according to their poverty or vulnerable status, which helps to recommend differentiated public policy strategies and actions for each economic and social dimension. This allows more efficiency not only in targeting the poor but also in distributing social budgets. A fourth element, shared with other approaches, refers to the possibility of disaggregating the poverty measure for different groups of populations, such as, age, sex, ethnicity and territorial level.

Palabras llave : medición multidimensional de la pobreza; pobreza; derechos humanos; identificación; desagregación; bienestar económico; focalización; política pública.

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