Resumen

COLOSIO GARCIA, Claudia Alejandra. Actualization of the ranchero as a popular type in José Tomás de Cuéllar’s Los fuereños. Connotas. Rev. crit. teór. lit. [online]. 2020, n.20, pp.131-165.  Epub 15-Feb-2021. ISSN 2448-6019.  https://doi.org/10.36798/critlit.vi20.321.

Los fuereños (1883) by José Tomás de Cuéllar updates the figure of the popular type of the ranchero. Contrasts the idealization of costumbrism reflected in the first decades of the 19th century, recorded in the compendium Los mexicanos pintados por sí mismos (1854-1855), with the realism reflected in the clash between its naivety and the customs of the modern Mexican city. This article interprets the character in the texts previously mentioned, with the objective of determining how Cuéllar’s contrast the exalted gaze of yesteryear and the laughable one of its context to formulate its critique of the artificial and vicious development of the capital that consumes the provincials, unable to understand their codes. The methodology followed revolves around the comparative and interartistic analysis (text-lithography relationship) of the works. This approach, extended to other illustrated novels of the period, makes it possible to read the work in its entirety as a double discourse, complementary to each other. I examine the role of the ideological, textual and iconographic changes, reflected in the configuration of Gumesindo, the ranchero in the Cuéllar novel, in relation to the previous paradigm. Such changes allow the popular type to obtain a certain autonomy in its decisions, and these, by leading it to the underworld, give the narrative voice the thread of argument to complete its social diatribe.

Palabras llave : José Tomás de Cuéllar; Los fuereños; 19th-century Mexican Narrative; 19th-century Mexican Litography.

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