Introduction:

The gastric antral vascular ectasia is an uncommon cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and iron-deficency anemia. 4% of all upper non variceal gastrointestinal bleeding, and up to 62% of patients are transfusión dependent. Must of these patients are elderly and females, with comorbidities like liver cirrhosis, autoinmune disease, chroinc renal failure, and cardiovascular disease.

Objetive:

To know the experience about gastric antral vascular ectasia at reference hospital in Mexico City. Correlate the comorbidities that are associated with this disease. Analize the outcome after the endoscopic treatment, the differences between the treatments and their impact at hemoglobin level and transfusión dependence.

Material and methods:

Retrospective and observational study. We select patients who were studied at endoscopy service of Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, during January 2009 to March 2019. The analysis was descriptive with measures of central tendency for quantitative variables and frequency distribution for qualitatives variables. The results were statiscally significant when obtaining a p<0.05. The analysis was made with SPSS v.23 for iOS.

Results:

Were found 132 patients with GAVE between January 2009 to March 2019. They were excluded 47 patients because the file was not complete or the diagnosis was not right. From the final 85 patients, 69% were female y 31% male. The mean age was 62. About the concomitant diseases, 69% had liver cirrhosis, 48% cardiovascular disease, 28% chronic renal failure, 35% Diabetes Mellitus, 25% autoimmune disease and 22% with cancer history. The most of patients had many gastrointestinal bleeding episodes. The hemoglobin level at their income was 9mg/dl on average, also with requirement of at least 2 transfusions before the endoscopic treatment. About the endoscopic treatment, the APC was the modality more used, in 77% of the patients, followed by only surveillance, endoscopic band ligation and radiofrequency ablation. The mean sessions of APC was 2. 13 from the 85 patients, had to go to a second type of endoscopic treatment and 4 patients had a third. The endoscopic remission was reached in 24 patients. The hemoglobin reached was an average of 11mg/dl. The transfution dependence dicreased from 15 to 3 transfusions. None of patients had complications related to endoscopic treatment neither to surgical treatment like antrectomy. The mean follow was 7 months with a interquartile range of 3 and 23 months.

Conclusions:

The antral vascular ectasia is a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding suceptible of endoscopic succesful treatment. At our hospital, the most used is APC, but the radiofrequency ablation is increasingly common. The success is notable because the decrease of transfusions dependence and the increase of 2 gr of hemoglobin at the end of the treatment, with the consequent improvement of patient and the quality of life.

        · resumo em Espanhol     · texto em Espanhol     · Espanhol ( pdf )