Resumo

MORALES-MORALES, Amelio Eli et al. Morphological characterization of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) seeds from the Yucatan Peninsula. Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2019, vol.6, n.18, pp.463-475.  Epub 20-Fev-2020. ISSN 2007-901X.  https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a6n18.2171.

The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) is an important crop in several regions of the world, but in Mexico it is little used. The characterization of agricultural varieties has been based on morphological descriptors, including seed shape, color and size, as well as quantitative attributes such as mineral content. The aim of this research was to evaluate the morphological and nutritional characteristics of cowpea genotypes from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Fifteen collections were made from October 2017 to January 2018 and then evaluated for three qualitative morphological variables and 10 quantitative ones. The content of potassium, calcium, manganese, iron and zinc was determined by means of micro X-ray fluorescence. An analysis of variance and principal components were performed. Eighty percent of the collections have an ovoid shape, 73% a smooth to rough texture and 80% are black. In the quantitative morphological variables, 53% of the collections were considered to have small seeds, 40% medium and 7% large. The length, width and thickness of the genotypes were from 6.26 to 9.56, 3.64 to 7.48 and 2.86 to 5.56 mm, respectively, and the PET15 collection was the smallest. For mineral content, the OXC04 collection had the highest concentration of Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn, while the PET07 collection had the highest K content. There are high levels of phenotypic diversity in the collections studied and they are grouped based on their physical characteristics and not on their place of origin.

Palavras-chave : Collection; mineral content; phenotypic diversity; micro X-ray fluorescence; genotypes.

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