Resumen

VILLARREAL-FUENTES, Juan Manuel et al. Physical-chemical characterization of mexican plum fruits (Spondias purpurea L.) from Soconusco, Chiapas. Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2019, vol.6, n.17, pp.219-229. ISSN 2007-901X.  https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a6n17.1949.

Mexican plum is a tree fruit with a high potential for its crop, due to low production cost of it, grows in a spontaneous way and its adapt to slim-poverty soils where no other crops can be stablished, also it has resistance to the drought attributed to its defoliation mechanism. The objective was to characterize ecotypes of Mexican plum with quality and functional characteristics to be considered in a process of selection of outstanding trees in Soconusco, Chiapas, Mexico. Fruits were collected in Huehuetán, Mazatán, Huixtla and Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico, where 32 trees were selected. The work was realized during January 2016 to August 2016. Variables that were estimated are: fruit mass, firmness, specific density, endocarp mass, brightness, chromaticity, hue angle, polar and equatorial diameter, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, flavor index, pH, total sugars, total phenols and antioxidant activity by DPHH, ABTS and FRAP. Four groups of trees were formed, where the fourth group shows the highest values in mass and dimension, highest contents in total sugars and antioxidant activity by FRAP. Fruits from the group 1 and 4 had the best characteristics in productivity, as they had the highest weight of the fruit and specific gravity, meanwhile the fruits from the groups 2 and 3 had the the best characteristics in sweetness and antioxidant activity. The above description suggests that in Soconusco, Chiapas have variability of mexican plum that will be selected to subsequent genetic breeding programs.

Palabras llave : ABTS; total sugars; DDPH; total phenols and FRAP.

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