Resumo

LOPEZ-HERNANDEZ, Mónica Beatriz et al. Drought and heat tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2018, vol.5, n.15, pp.373-385. ISSN 2007-901X.  https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a5n15.1558.

The objective was to determine the response of rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes to drought. Plant canopy temperature (Ct) in panicle emergence (PE), flowering (F) and grain filling (GF) were evaluated, as well as the effect of Ct on grain yield (GY) and its components under irrigation (I) and drought (D). The experiment was carried out at the Zacatepec Experimental Field operated by the National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research. Eight F6 lines of the Latín American Fund for Irrigated Rice (FLAR for its acronym in Spanish) and the national variety El Silverio were evaluated under a complete block design with three replicates in irrigation and drought. Planting was carried out at a density of 100 kg ha-1 with a fertilizer rate of 180-40-40 NPK. The Ct in D was higher than in R, and it was also negatively related to the average productivity Índex (API) and the drought tolerance Índex (DTI); the low-Ct lines have higher productivity and drought tolerance. The Ct reduced the GY, biomass, panicles m-2, GY, grain panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight by 25, 12, 13, 15, 9.6 and 7% for every 1 °C increase in Ct in I and D. The drought increased the Ct and decreased the yield and its components; the low-Ct lines reduced their yield less and were more productive and drought tolerant.

Palavras-chave : Biomass; grains; moisture; yield; temperature.

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