Abstract

VARGAS-GONZALEZ, Gabriela et al. Pattern of use high risk pesticides in the crop of melon ( Cucumis melo L.) in the Comarca Lagunera. Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2016, vol.3, n.9, pp.367-378. ISSN 2007-901X.

The melon (Cucumis melo L.) is one of the most important vegetables in Mexico, where the Comarca Lagunera is the region with the largest melon production. This crop is attacked by various pests and diseases that limit their production by what has been created dependence on synthetic pesticides use for their control. In order to identify the types of pesticides and their forms of use in the production of melon and analyze the toxicological profile of the most used, a cross-sectional study was conducted during the 2010 agricultural cycle through a survey on 19 plots selected by purposive sampling in major areas of producing. According to the results, 50 active ingredients (a.i.) of 26 chemical groups were used. Of total a.i. 26 % are not authorized to melon by COFEPRIS and 46 % are highly hazardous to health and the environment by PAN International. In all plots was practiced under dosing or overdosing and 95 % mixtures were used with two to six pesticides. Of the seven most used pesticides six are high health and environmental risk, they were carbofuran (68 %), endosulfan (58 %), chlorothalonil (58 %), mancozeb (53 %), imidacloprid (47 %) and methamidophos (42 %). These results show the need to encourage alternative phytosanitary control to decrease the use of synthetic pesticides, as well as promote strict regulation to oversee its proper use and banning highly hazardous pesticides.

Keywords : Agrochemicals; toxicity; environmental pollution; food safety.

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