Resumen

ROSENDO-PONCE, Adalberto  y  BECERRIL-PEREZ, Carlos Miguel. Advance in the knowledge of the tropical milking criollo bovine of Mexico. Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2015, vol.2, n.5, pp.233-243. ISSN 2007-901X.

Results of the improvement program of the Tropical Milking Criollo cattle (CLT) are presented. Total milk production of 1 174 ± 11.4 kg was estimated from 1 377 records of grazing, one milking a day and dry season. The services per conception were 1.6 ± 0.03. A genetic evaluation was made with 15 377 records with random regression models. The heritability for total milk production was 0.24. The annual genetic progress was 11.04 ± 0.71 kg. The lactation curve did not show an initial raise which is characteristic in temperate climates. Sixty four milk samples were used to determine the genetic variants of β-lactoglobulin that influence the production and composition of milk. The genotype frequencies for AA, AB and BB were 0.14, 0.33 and 0.53. The β-lactoglobulin phenotype affected the chemical composition of milk. The percentages of fat, protein, nonfat solids and total solids were higher (p < 0.05) in the BB phenotype. Moderate supplementation the first 120 d of lactation produced an increase in milk yield of 1.250 kg d^-1. Parasitic infestation was determined by counting the saturated ticks in the body of 28 heifers and 16 young bulls. The species identified were Amblyomma cajennense and Boophilus microplus. The body mean of ticks was 14.5 ± 1.15, with one third of the bovines with counts under 10. Reproductive biotechnologies, genetic variants of milk components and crosses with European breeds are studied to continue the genetic and productive improvement of the CLT cattle.

Palabras llave : Criollo cattle; tropical dairy; hot climates.

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