Resumen

RAMIREZ-SANTIAGO, D. et al. Germination rate and cardinal temperatures in Chenopodium quinoa Suyana and Tunkahuan varieties. Revista bio ciencias [online]. 2020, vol.7, e880.  Epub 28-Abr-2021. ISSN 2007-3380.  https://doi.org/10.15741/revbio.07.e880.

The effect of ten temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 °C) on germination of Chenopodium quinoa Suyana and Tunkahuan was evaluated. The seeds of each variety were harvested during the spring-summer 2017 cycle in Texcoco, state of Mexico and donated for this research in February 2019. The experimental units were 100 x 15 mm Petri dishes, with two double discs of absorbent paper moistened with 5 mL of distilled water, and 100 seeds of Suyana or Tunkahuan. The treatments with five replicates were each one of the temperatures. For germination, five experimental units of each variety were placed into incubators under total darkness, adjusted to the mentioned temperatures ± 0.5 °C. The following parameters were evaluated: total germination, germination rate, average germination (t50) and cardinal temperatures. In the Tunkahuan variety, germination higher than 90 % occurred between 5 and 40 °C, whereas in Suyana it occurred between 15 and 35 °C. Germination rate was higher in Suyana than in Tunkahuan and it occurred between 30 and 40 °C. The t50 value was obtained in less time in Tunkahuan (7.1 h) than in Suyana (8.1 h). Basal, optimum and maximum temperatures were: 2.3 and 1.8; 30.2 and 33.2; 48.8 and 62.2 °C for Suyana and Tunkahuan, respectively. In conclusion, Tunkahuan seeds germinated successfully in a wider range of temperatures, which could improve their establishment in arid and warm areas.

Palabras llave : Total germination; average germination; basal temperature; optimum temperature; maximum temperature; quinoa.

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