Resumen

TORO-TRUJILLO, Ana María; ARTEAGA-RAMIREZ, Ramón; VAZQUEZ-PENA, M. Alberto  y  IBANEZ-CASTILLO, L. Alicia. Irrigation Requirements and Yield Prediction of Bananas Growing through a Simulation Model in Urabá Antioqueño. Tecnol. cienc. agua [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.6, pp.105-122. ISSN 2007-2422.

Banana cultivation is the main agricultural activity intense economy Urabá, Antioquia, developed in 49000 ha, the ENSO phenomena have affected the production déficit of precipitation, temperature increases, droughts further the high uncertainties associated with climate change and the uneven distribution of rainfall in the area, have increased the need for irrigation. The objective was to estimate the model through simulations CROPWAT irrigation requirements and yield reduction when grown banana in rainfed in conditions without irrigation in three scenarios of precipitation is 20% (wet), 50% (normal) and 80% (dry) probability of exceedance. Daily precipitation data and Maximum and Minimum Temperature 7 weather stations, phenological information and references Urabá soil, sown in Summer (SV) and planting in the rainy season (SL) were used. In the results presented crop evapotranspiration their elders SV values from March to August and SL in July-August, with the largest spatter. All stations have the lowest valúes of effective rainfall from January to March, the largest water requirements for SV and rain 80%. The yield reduction was 5-15% (normal) and 25-30% (dry) in SV and SL was 1-3% (normal) and 5-10% (dry) in the wet stage were lower 0.9% and 2% for SV SL. In the northern Urabá Antioquia, supplemental irrigation is important to avoid decreases in performance on dry, normal scenarios.

Palabras llave : Evapotranspiration; effective rainfall; irrigation requirement; scenario.

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