Resumen

RODRIGUEZ ANDA, Raúl et al. Anatomical, physical-mechanical and machining characteristics of the wood of velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Wooton). Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.28, pp.156-173. ISSN 2007-1132.

The anatomical, physical-mechanical and machining characteristics of the wood of velvet mezquite (Prosopis velutina) were determined. Five two-meter logs were collected from stumps in the state of Sonora. The anatomical study was carried out in compliance with IAWA. The physical-mechanical properties were evaluated according to the DIN standards. The machining was done manually, and the surface was evaluated according to the norm ASTM D 1666-87. The wood was found to have a diffuse to semi-annular porosity. Heartwood with abundant amber-colored deposits in the vessels and in the axial and radial parenchyma. Average length and thickness of the fibers of 863 µm and 4.3 µm, respectively. Paratracheal winged-aliform parenchyma. Homocellular core radii. Prismatic crystals abound in the chambered axial parenchyma. The basic density of the timber is very high (0.79 g cm^-3) and its dimensional stability is good. Resistance to flexion was classified as medium (117 N mm^-2), and the modulus of elasticity, as low (11 232 N mm^-2). Resistance to longitudinal compression was classified as very high (87 N mm^-2), and the modulus of elasticity, as low (11 915 N mm^-2). Resistance to impact is rated fair (51 kJ m^-2). In the presence of shearing, it is considered to be hard (19 N mm^-2). Its Brinell hardness is rated very high (72 N mm^-2 tangential; 73 N mm^-2 radial and 96 N mm^-2 longitudinal). Its response to gluing is considered to be good (Leve l 5; 7 N mm^-2). Its machining is classified as good, and therefore cutting tools with tungsten carbide valve seats are required.

Palabras llave : Wood anatomy; dimensional stability; machining of the wood; mechanical properties; Prosopis velutina Wooton; wood resistance.

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