Resumo

PALOMARES RESENDIZ, Gabriela et al. Important infectious diseases in goat production in Mexico: history, challenges and outlook. Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias [online]. 2021, vol.12, suppl.3, pp.205-223.  Epub 24-Jan-2022. ISSN 2448-6698.  https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12s3.5801.

Goat production in Mexico is concentrated in poorer areas in arid and semi-arid areas of the country’s north and center, particularly in the Mixtec region of Oaxaca, Guerrero and Puebla. Because goats can survive in near desert conditions their production of milk and animals is a valuable nutritional contribution to human diets in these areas. Disease in goats in Mexico has generally received scant attention, however researchers at the INIFAP have studied this species and its pathologies. This review focuses on the main diseases affecting goats in Mexico and the research in this area by the INIFAP. In most of the goat herds studied in Mexico reproductive disorders are often caused by diseases such as brucellosis, leptospirosis and chlamydia, all considered to be endemic and potentially zoonotic. Respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders are the main ailments in kids. High frequencies of arthritic encephalitis, a disease caused by infection with small ruminant lentiviruses, and paratuberculosis and caseous lymphadenitis, both bacterial in origin, have been documented in productive-age goats throughout Mexico. All three are chronic, causing producers to mistakenly assume they have no major impact on productivity. Q fever, a known zoonotic, is currently considered exotic in Mexico, but in other countries is frequently associated with reproductive disorders, abortions and occasional respiratory problems in goats. The INIFAP has addressed all the above diseases. It was instrumental in diagnosing and controlling brucellosis, the principal bacterial zoonosis in Mexico. Researchers at INIFAP have also helped to determine that diseases previously considered exotic in Mexico have become endemic, and then developing the tools needed for their diagnosis. The INIFAP has made vital contributions to understanding the national disease panorama in goats and transferring diagnostic and treatment technologies to livestock laboratories nationwide.

Palavras-chave : Goats; Diseases; Research.

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