Resumen

REBOLLAR REBOLLAR, Alfredo et al. Behavior of supply and demand of regional pig carcasses in Mexico, 1994-2012. Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias [online]. 2014, vol.5, n.4, pp.377-392. ISSN 2448-6698.

Under the economic context of free trade in the past two decades, the Mexican pork industry has faced significant changes that have caused modifications in the production structure and trade in this sector, but their effects have differed depending on the regions. The aim of this research was to investigate the market operation of pork carcasses in eight regions of Mexico, and to quantify the magnitude of the impact of the main economic variables affecting supply and demand for meat in each region. An econometric model with multiple linear regressions was used for each region, it included the main economic and technological variables that determine the supply and demand for pork. The supply of pork carcasses in most regions was directly proportional to technology and elastic, in terms of price of meat it is directly proportional and inelastic and for price of food it is inversely proportional and inelastic, the regional average values were 1.241, 0.062 and -0.097, respectively. Demand was elastic relative to population size and it was inelastic with the current price and income per capita in all regions, recording average values of 1.871, -0.070 and 0.132. Population growth was the variable that showed higher incidence with respect to consumption of pork. All models had global significance, however, not all explanatory variables presented individual significance.

Palabras llave : Elasticity; Pork; Production and consumption; Econometric models.

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