Resumo

DELGADO-SANCHEZ, Laura Marisa; LOPEZ-PERALTA, María Cristina Guadalupe  e  HERNANDEZ-MENESES, Eleodoro. Resistance in vitro of durum wheat of winter habit to Puccinia triticina Eriks. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.7, pp.1701-1714. ISSN 2007-0934.

The cultivation of wheat in Mexico currently facing leaf rust (Puccinia triticina E.) causes losses of up to 100% performance. This research evaluated the response of three wheat genotypes "Mirlo 26", "Elinia 48" and "Atred" to rust BBG/BPC sheet under in vitro conditions. The first two, considered tolerant (R) and the third susceptible (S). The in vitro germination of the three genotypes was achieved in medium MS (1962) supplemented with sucrose (30 g L-1); 2,4-D (20.3 μ M) and Kin (5.8 μ M). Besides generating seedlings, seeds formed calluses. Seedling basal stem cross sections were dissected and plated on medium MS (1962) with BA (11.1 μM) and AIA (1.0 μM) to induce direct organogenesis. In this same medium calluses they were seeded to induce indirect organogenesis. The rooted plantlets regeneration was achieved in both morphogenic routes in the same culture medium and hormonal concentrations at four weeks. The acclimation was 90% in perlite substrate and peat-moss (1:1). The evaluating leaf rust acclimated plants had infection rates 21% in genotype "Atred" (S), 10% in "Mirlo 26" (R) and 10% in "Elinia 48" (R). In in vitro plantlets percentages were 70% for "Atred" 40% for "Mirlo 26" and 30% "Elinia 48" by applying 0.03 mg mL-1 of spores. This study is the first report assessing the tolerance of wheat genotypes to leaf rust using plant tissue culture in vitro.

Palavras-chave : in vitro; rust; selection; susceptibility; somaclonal variation.

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