Resumo

PERALES AGUILAR, Lucila et al. In vitro propagation of guava (Psidium guajava L.) from nodal segments. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.2, pp.375-386. ISSN 2007-0934.

The aim of this work was to develop and propose a protocol to propagate guava in vitro from nodal segments of trees in production. The plant material was collected field june 2012 to june 2013. For the cleanliness and initial culture medium of explants, three experiments were performed in the first four fungicides, two systemic evaluated: Benomyl and Carbendazim, one of contact, copper oxychloride and one natural, fractal, in different concentrations and combinations. PVP, chlorine, ethanol, tween, citric acid and ascorbic acid: In the second and different antioxidants were tested as disinfectants. In the third to the initial medium we were evaluated MS supplemented with different combinations of PVP, citric acid, ascorbic acid, silver nitrate and activated carbon. For in vitro multiplication two nodal segments with different combinations of two growth regulators were evaluated: IBA and BAP. Besides the main environmental contaminating microorganisms were identified. According to the results, the best fungicide treatment was a combination of: Benomyl 2 g L-1, Carbendazim 2 g L-1 and 1 g copper oxychloride L-1. The best treatment of antioxidants and disinfectants was PVP 0.5%, chlorine 5% and 3 drops of tween 20. Although there were no statistical differences, the best initial culture medium was: MS + PVP 0.75 g L-1 and activated carbon 2 g L-1. For in vitro multiplication, the best treatment was: one nodal segment MS + 0.5 mg L-1 BAP + 0.1 mg L-1 IBA, with outbreaks of 1.48 cm and three leaves per shoot. Aspergillus sp., and Alternaria sp. two fungal contaminants of the culture medium were identified. From the results obtained, a complete protocol for in vitro multiplication guava, from nodal segments trees in production is proposed.

Palavras-chave : Psidium guajava L.; in vitro propagation; nodal segment; oxidation; pollution; regeneration.

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