Abstract

VAZQUEZ JORGE, María de los Ángeles et al. Sphenarium purpurascens control with Beauveria bassiana and extracts amaranth (Amaranthus hypocondriacus L.). Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.2, pp.235-247. ISSN 2007-0934.

The cultivation of amaranth (Amaranthus hypocondriacus L.), is affected by the attack of insect pests; among which Sphenarium purpurascens Charp, is one of the main pests caused considerable losses and generate heavy spending on its chemical control. Therefore, it is necessary to have economic control alternatives that are harmless to the environment and human health. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of Beauveria bassiana (Balsam) in combination with aqueous extracts of chicalote (Argemone mexicana L.), pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) and higuerilla (Ricinus comunis L.) for controlling S. purpurascens in amaranth. When testing laboratory the effect of B. bassiana on S. purpurascens five treatments and a control (water) topically inoculated and incubated at temperatures of 26 ± 1 °C and RH= 70 ± 10%), eight days after the inoculation was 100% mortality in the 2nd and 4th nymphal stage with 1.0 X 108 and 1.0 X 109 conidia mL-1, while adult mortality was 76 and 81%, respectively. Field effect extracts chicalote (Argemone mexicana) + (Ricinus comunis) + B. bassiana was determined; extracts of higuerilla + pepper (Capsicum frutescens) + B. bassiana; B. bassiana (no extracts) and control (water) on the number of live grasshoppers grasshoppers per experimental unit, defoliation percentage and grain yield. Treatment of extracts from higuerilla + chile + B. bassiana had the lowest number of grasshoppers (18. 88%), lower percentage of damage to the foliage (11.77) and the highest grain yield 2 001.48 kg ha-1.

Keywords : Amaranthus hypocondriacus L.; Argemones mexicana; Beauveria bassiana; Ricinus comunis; Sphenarium purpurascens.

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