Abstract

PEREZ MENDOZA, Claudia et al. Genetic resources of cotton in Mexico: ex situ and in situ conservation and use. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.1, pp.5-16. ISSN 2007-0934.

Mexico is the center of origin of Gossypium hirsutum cotton; 11 of the 13 wild species of Gossypium in the occidental hemisphere are endemic to Mexico. In 2009- 2011, different activities were carried out focused on the elaboration of the diagnosis of genetic resources of cotton in Mexico. The results obtained in this study showed that on several expeditions done by Mexican and foreign scientists in 1978-2006, 980 accessions were collected in Mexico, G. hirsutum being the species with the greatest amount of gathered data, while the species with less gathered data were: G. armourianum, G. shwendimanii, G. laxum and G. arboreum. These accessions are stored at germplasm banks in the United States, China and Russia. The most widely recollected species is G. hirsutum, followed by G. aridum, the arborescent diploid wild species. The Gossypium genus is distributed throughout Mexico with a high endemism level; the areas with more natural diversity are located mainly in the southern and coastal areas of the country.

Keywords : Gossypium; collection; genetic diversity; wild species.

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