Resumo

FRANCO MARTINEZ, José Ramón Pascual; GONZALEZ HUERTA, Andrés; PEREZ LOPEZ, Delfina de Jesús  e  GONZALEZ RONQUILLO, Manuel. Phenotypic characterization of hybrids and varieties of forage maize in High Valley State of Mexico, Mexico. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.8, pp.1915-1927. ISSN 2007-0934.

In Mexico, the application of the selection and hybridization have generated increased production of maize grain and Landraces used for double purpose, but there is little information on its potential to develop green and dry matter. This study was conducted in 2013 to identify outstanding forage cultivars for Toluca-Atlacomulco Valley, Mexico. 29 cultivars were evaluated in field under an experimental design of randomized complete block with three replicates per site. The data analysis through the four locations was done as a series of experiments in space. The most important results showed that the best sites for the evaluation of genetic material were Metepec and Tiacaque. The Victoria, H-159 and SBA-470 cultivars were the top fraction of hybridization programs obtained from conventional methodologies and Amarillo Allende, San Cayetano and Portes Gil, and San Cristobal Cacahuacintles Tlacotepec, Blancos Tlacotepec and San Diego, represent the artistic and cultural work of the State of Mexico farmers who, by means of visual mass selection applied to the dimensions of the ear and plant, have increased the productive potential of grain and fodder. The higher yields in green and dry fodder obtained in the most outstanding genetic material are explained by significant increases in the number of leaves per plant, male flowering, plant height, and production of green and dry matter of corn, stalks and leaves. The most outstanding cultivars could be used to derive inbred lines and form new varieties and hybrids forage or allocated to an application program, validation or generation of agricultural technology.

Palavras-chave : Zea mays; multivariate analysis; outstanding forage maize; races of the High Valley on the Center Mexico.

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